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The clinical evaluation on these patients included a thorough medical and chemosensory history, physical examination, nasal endoscopy, chemosensory testing, olfactory biopsies, and imaging studies. There was no evidence to indicate that these patients ever had a sense of smell. The results of olfactory testing suggested that these patients had an inability to detect both olfactory and trigeminal odorants; however, many of the patients in the group seemed to have a slight ability to perceive at least some component of trigeminal odorants. The olfactory epithelium, if it was present at all on biopsy, was abnormal in appearance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949210100306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,3]],"date-time":"2014-10-03T14:38:05Z","timestamp":1412347085000},"page":"229-236","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Congenital Lack of Olfactory Ability"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Donald A.","family":"Leopold","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David E.","family":"Hornung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Syracuse, New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James E.","family":"Schwob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Syracuse, New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1992,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1970.00480190044007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0004.1987.tb02800.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000249227"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410190211"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320330114"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"1303","article-title":"Long-term course in congenital analgesia [in German; English abstract]","volume":"119","author":"Losa M","year":"1989","unstructured":"Losa M, Scheier H, Rohner P, . 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