{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T15:23:36Z","timestamp":1785338616587,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,11,1]],"date-time":"1997-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":878342400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective assessment of muscle function following botulinum toxin injections in laryngeal muscles is difficult in human subjects. We developed a rat laryngeal model for the study of botulinum toxin injection. A new laryngoscopic technique has made it possible to observe the rat larynx endoscopically and to obtain electromyographic measurements during and after injection of toxin. The electromyographic interference pattern, fibrillation potentials, and vocal fold movement were used for analyzing dose and volume effects of injected toxin. We conclude that the lowest dosage able to produce the maximal duration of functional laryngeal impairment is 0.07 U in a volume of 0.4 \u03bcL. This model will enable us to obtain physiologic and histologic parameters that can be used to assess the selection of optimal treatment regimens with botulinum toxin for the treatment of patients with spasmodic dysphonia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949710601112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,3]],"date-time":"2014-10-03T14:38:05Z","timestamp":1412347085000},"page":"956-964","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Transoral Electromyographic Recordings in Botulinum Toxin\u2014Injected Rat Larynges"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Katsuhide","family":"Inagi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Madison, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles N.","family":"Ford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Madison, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur A.","family":"Rodriquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Madison, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis M.","family":"Heisey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Madison, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-000348949710601112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(81)90891-X"},{"key":"bibr2-000348949710601112","unstructured":"Shaari CM, Sanders I. Assessment of the biological activity of botulinum toxin. Therapy with botulinum toxin. New York, NY: Marcel Dekker, 1994: 159\u201370."},{"key":"bibr3-000348949710601112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.33.1.40"},{"key":"bibr4-000348949710601112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-199502000-00006"},{"key":"bibr5-000348949710601112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348948709600512"},{"key":"bibr6-000348949710601112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949210101102"},{"key":"bibr7-000348949710601112","unstructured":"SAS Institute Inc. SAS\/STAT user's guide, version 6. 4th ed. Vol 2. 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Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg (in press)."},{"key":"bibr12-000348949710601112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348948309200503"},{"key":"bibr13-000348949710601112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00185983"},{"key":"bibr14-000348949710601112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.54.4.310"},{"key":"bibr15-000348949710601112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410010514"}],"container-title":["Annals of Otology, Rhinology &amp; Laryngology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/000348949710601112","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/000348949710601112","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T11:15:45Z","timestamp":1777374945000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/000348949710601112"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,11]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/000348949710601112"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/000348949710601112","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-4894","1943-572X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-4894","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-572X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,11]]}}}