{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T03:42:07Z","timestamp":1792726927603,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,12]],"date-time":"2013-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1376265600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Clin Biochem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Therapeutic drug monitoring of ciclosporin A (CsA) and tacrolimus is traditionally performed using venous whole blood sampling. A number of reports have described development of ultra high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS\/MS) methods for the quantitation of CsA and tacrolimus from dried blood spots (DBS), which may offer a convenient alternative. As yet, no such reports have validated this methodology using fingerprick capillary DBS samples collected from transplant patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Capillary fingerprick DBS were collected from heart and lung transplant patients in a specialist cardiothoracic transplant centre. We utilized our previously published method for the extraction and simultaneous quantitation of CsA and tacrolimus from DBS using UPLC-MS\/MS. Drug concentrations measured from DBS were compared to concentrations measured in venous whole blood by our routine clinical UPLC-MS\/MS assay.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 91 heart or lung transplant patients were enrolled onto the study; 46 patients were on CsA therapy and 45 on tacrolimus therapy. Passing\u2013Bablock analysis demonstrated excellent agreement between capillary fingerprick DBS samples and venous whole blood samples. There was a mean positive bias of 2.6\u2009 \u00b5g\/L (95% confidence interval (CI) \u22122.2 to 7.5\u2009 \u00b5g\/L) for CsA ( n\u2009=\u200945) and mean negative bias of \u22120.7\u2009 \u00b5g\/L (95% CI \u22121.1 to \u22120.3\u2009 \u00b5g\/L) for tacrolimus ( n\u2009=\u200942).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We demonstrate utility of DBS for serial monitoring of CsA and tacrolimus using UPLC-MS\/MS in heart and lung transplant patients. This may offer significant advantages for these patients including the ability to take capillary DBS samples in the community prior to clinic visits.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0004563213488759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,12]],"date-time":"2013-08-12T20:45:52Z","timestamp":1376340352000},"page":"106-109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Therapeutic drug monitoring of ciclosporin A and tacrolimus in heart lung transplant patients using dried blood spots"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Edward","family":"Hinchliffe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne","family":"Adaway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK"},{"name":"Centre for Endocrinology & Diabetes, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Fildes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplant Unit, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Rowan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplant Unit, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian G","family":"Keevil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK"},{"name":"Centre for Endocrinology & Diabetes, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0004563213488759","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200443100-00001"},{"key":"bibr2-0004563213488759","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007691-199512000-00017"},{"key":"bibr3-0004563213488759","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0012.2005.00472.x"},{"key":"bibr4-0004563213488759","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/201918"},{"key":"bibr5-0004563213488759","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0b013e31819e91ce"},{"key":"bibr6-0004563213488759","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2011.05.016"}],"container-title":["Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0004563213488759","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0004563213488759","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0004563213488759","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T12:21:19Z","timestamp":1777378879000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0004563213488759"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,12]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0004563213488759"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0004563213488759","relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-5632","1758-1001"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-5632","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1001","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,12]]}}}