{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T18:38:37Z","timestamp":1793039917882,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,29]],"date-time":"2014-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406592000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Clin Biochem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exclusion of macroprolactinaemia, a well-recognised interference, as the cause of hyperprolactinaemia is essential to avoid potential misdiagnosis and mismanagement of patients. We have derived gender-specific serum total and post-polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation monomeric reference ranges for the recently re-standardised Abbott Architect prolactin assay.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prolactin was measured in serum samples obtained from males ( n\u2009=\u200949) and females ( n\u2009=\u200952) using the current Abbott Architect immunoassay pre- and post-PEG precipitation. Gender-specific reference ranges were derived for total and monomeric (post-PEG) prolactin. Routine patients\u2019 samples ( n\u2009=\u2009175) with a serum total prolactin &gt;700\u2009mIU\/L were screened for macroprolactinaemia to assess classification compared with our previous post-PEG precipitation percentage recovery-based approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Reference ranges for serum total prolactin were 58\u2013419\u2009mIU\/L (male) and 63\u2013561\u2009mIU\/L (female). Male and female monomeric prolactin reference ranges were 32\u2013309\u2009mIU\/L and 39\u2013422\u2009mIU\/L, respectively. Mean (SD) post-PEG percentage recovery of the IS 84\/500 prolactin standard was 80 (2.3)%. Of 175 patients\u2019 samples screened for macroprolactinaemia, 149 had monomeric prolactin concentrations (median monomeric prolactin\u2009=\u20091035\u2009mIU\/L; median recovery\u2009=\u200983%) above the gender-specific reference range. Monomeric prolactin concentrations (median monomeric prolactin\u2009=\u2009162\u2009mIU\/L; median recovery\u2009=\u200920%) in the remaining 26 were within the reference ranges. One patient classified as macroprolactin positive and another classified as macroprolactin negative would not have been identified as such using the previous recovery-based approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of post-PEG monomeric reference ranges not only identifies hyperprolactinaemia due solely to macroprolactinaemia but has the added advantage of identifying patients who have simultaneous true monomeric hyperprolactinaemia and elevated concentrations of macroprolactin.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0004563214547779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,29]],"date-time":"2014-07-29T23:42:03Z","timestamp":1406677323000},"page":"61-66","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Reference ranges for serum total and monomeric prolactin for the current generation Abbott Architect assay"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"SJ","family":"Whitehead","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry, New Cross Hospital, Wolverhampton, West Midlands, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MP","family":"Cornes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry, New Cross Hospital, Wolverhampton, West Midlands, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Ford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry, New Cross Hospital, Wolverhampton, West Midlands, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Gama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry, New Cross Hospital, Wolverhampton, West Midlands, UK"},{"name":"Research Institute in Healthcare Sciences, Wolverhampton University, Wolverhampton, West Midlands, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0004563214547779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-39-5-928"},{"key":"bibr2-0004563214547779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-69-3-585"},{"key":"bibr3-0004563214547779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1992.tb02340.x"},{"key":"bibr4-0004563214547779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000456329703400305"},{"key":"bibr5-0004563214547779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/0004563053857969"},{"key":"bibr6-0004563214547779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2005.02243.x"},{"key":"bibr7-0004563214547779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2001-011943"},{"key":"bibr8-0004563214547779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/46.6.884"},{"key":"bibr9-0004563214547779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9120(01)00256-9"},{"key":"bibr10-0004563214547779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03343542"},{"key":"bibr11-0004563214547779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/46.12.2022"},{"key":"bibr12-0004563214547779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/49.9.1504"},{"key":"bibr13-0004563214547779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/49.9.1434"},{"key":"bibr14-0004563214547779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014107689909200704"},{"key":"bibr15-0004563214547779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)10183-6"},{"key":"bibr16-0004563214547779","first-page":"2512","volume":"81","author":"Guay AT","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"bibr17-0004563214547779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/acb.2009.009059"},{"key":"bibr18-0004563214547779","first-page":"436","volume":"45","author":"Fahie-Wilson MN","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"bibr19-0004563214547779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2005.065854"},{"key":"bibr20-0004563214547779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1999.00757.x"},{"key":"bibr21-0004563214547779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/44.8.1758"},{"key":"bibr22-0004563214547779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2008.105312"},{"key":"bibr23-0004563214547779","first-page":"A231","volume":"51","author":"Fahie-Wilson MN","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"bibr24-0004563214547779","unstructured":"Sale JK, Fahie-Wilson MN.\n                      Macroprolactin and the DPC Immulite 2000 prolactin assay: characteristics of the reaction and detection by precipitation with polyethylene glycol\n                      [abstract from national meeting proceedings], London: Association of Clinical Biochemists, 2002, pp. 78\u201378."},{"key":"bibr25-0004563214547779","unstructured":"Craddock HS, Fahie-Wilson M, Heys AD.\n                      Macroprolactin detection by ultrafiltration screening with the Abbott AxSYM assay\n                      [abstract from national meeting proceedings], London: Association of Clinical Biochemists, 2000, pp. 148\u2013148."},{"key":"bibr26-0004563214547779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2009.135210"},{"key":"bibr27-0004563214547779","unstructured":"ARCHITECT prolactin assay (LN 7K76) kit insert. Abbott Ireland Diagnostics Division, Longford, Ireland. January 2010, Ref: 48-9177\/R2."},{"key":"bibr28-0004563214547779","unstructured":"ARCHITECT prolactin assay (LN 7K76) product information. Abbott Ireland Diagnostics Division, Longford, Ireland. January 2013, Ref: PI29JAN2013."}],"container-title":["Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0004563214547779","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0004563214547779","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0004563214547779","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T12:21:55Z","timestamp":1777378915000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0004563214547779"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,29]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0004563214547779"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0004563214547779","relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-5632","1758-1001"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-5632","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1001","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,29]]}}}