{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T06:29:06Z","timestamp":1777444146138,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,5]],"date-time":"2016-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470355200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Clin Biochem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of bone turnover markers in clinical practice and research in younger people is limited by the lack of normative data and understanding of common causes of variation in bone turnover marker values in this demographic. To appropriately interpret bone turnover markers, robust reference intervals specific to age, development and sex are necessary. This study aimed to determine reference intervals of bone turnover markers in females aged 16\u201325 years participating in the Safe-D study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants were recruited through social networking site Facebook and were asked to complete an extensive, online questionnaire and attend a site visit. Participants were tested for serum carboxy-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type 1 collagen and total procollagen type 1 N-propeptide using the Roche Elecsys automated analyser. Reference intervals were determined using the 2.5th to 97.5th percentiles of normalized bone turnover marker values.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 406 participants, 149 were excluded due to medical conditions or medication use (except hormonal contraception) which may affect bone metabolism. In the remaining 257 participants, the reference interval was 230\u20131000\u2009ng\/L for serum carboxy-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type 1 collagen and 27\u2013131\u2009 \u00b5g\/L for procollagen type 1 N-propeptide. Both marker concentrations were inversely correlated with age and oral contraceptive pill use. Therefore, intervals specific to these variables were calculated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We defined robust reference intervals for cross-linking telopeptide of type 1 collagen and procollagen type 1 N-propeptide in young females grouped by age and contraceptive pill use. We examined bone turnover markers\u2019 relationship with several lifestyle, clinical and demographic factors. Our normative intervals should aid interpretation of bone turnover markers in young females particularly in those aged 16 to 19 years where reference intervals are currently provisional.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0004563216665123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,5]],"date-time":"2016-08-05T20:30:24Z","timestamp":1470429024000},"page":"438-447","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Bone turnover marker reference intervals in young females"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Emma T","family":"Callegari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Gorelik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne EpiCentre, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suzanne M","family":"Garland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia"},{"name":"Royal Women\u2019s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cherie Y","family":"Chiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia"},{"name":"Melbourne Health Shared Pathology Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John D","family":"Wark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia"},{"name":"Bone and Mineral Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.303.6808.961","volume":"303","author":"Hansen MA","year":"1991","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"bibr2-0004563216665123","first-page":"1","volume":"27","author":"Weaver C","year":"2016","journal-title":"Osteoporosis Int"},{"key":"bibr3-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.1.06059","volume":"185","author":"Eastell R","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"bibr4-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650100507","volume":"10","author":"Teegarden D","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"bibr5-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01623056","volume":"4","author":"Hansen M","year":"1994","journal-title":"Osteoporosis Int"},{"key":"bibr6-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.041207","volume":"20","author":"Meier C","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"bibr7-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1714","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1997.12.10.1714","volume":"12","author":"Weaver CM","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"bibr8-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-010-1501-1","volume":"22","author":"Vasikaran S","year":"2011","journal-title":"Osteoporosis Int"},{"key":"bibr9-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2000.15.8.1526","volume":"15","author":"Garnero P","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"bibr10-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(00)00325-2","volume":"27","author":"Chapurlat R","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"bibr11-0004563216665123","first-page":"237","volume":"35","author":"Vasikaran SD","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Biochem Rev"},{"key":"bibr12-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2012.02.003","volume":"50","author":"Eastell R","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"bibr13-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.080703","volume":"24","author":"Glover SJ","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"bibr14-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2007.01.008","volume":"40","author":"de Papp AE","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"bibr15-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2011.04.008","volume":"44","author":"Huang Y","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"},{"key":"bibr16-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.4081\/jphr.2015.594","volume":"4","author":"Callegari ET","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Public Health Res"},{"key":"bibr17-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.1978","volume":"14","author":"Fenner Y","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"bibr18-0004563216665123","volume-title":"Dietary questionnaire for epidemiological studies (version 2)","author":"Giles G","year":"1996"},{"key":"bibr19-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-6405.2008.00305.x","volume":"32","author":"Brown WJ","year":"2008","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Public Health"},{"key":"bibr20-0004563216665123","volume-title":"Cobas e 411 analyze","author":"Roche Diagnostics GmbH","year":"2009"},{"key":"bibr21-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2005.052936","volume":"51","author":"Maunsell Z","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"bibr22-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006","volume":"150","author":"Levey AS","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"bibr23-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S249","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650051112","volume":"5","author":"Kelly T","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"bibr24-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2013.04.003","volume":"55","author":"Jenkins N","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"bibr25-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2007.12.218","volume":"42","author":"Glover S","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"bibr26-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-008-9126-5","volume":"82","author":"Adami S","year":"2008","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"bibr27-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1097\/PAT.0000000000000092","volume":"46","author":"Vasikaran SD","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"bibr28-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-013-0460-y","volume":"31","author":"Nomura Y","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Metab"},{"key":"bibr29-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e103841","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0103841","volume":"9","author":"Li M","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"bibr30-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3342","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-1677","volume":"97","author":"Walsh JS","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"bibr31-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2006.09.026","volume":"40","author":"Garnero P","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"bibr32-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(95)00075-O","volume":"16","author":"Garnero P","year":"1995","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"bibr33-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2443","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2000.15.12.2443","volume":"15","author":"Woitge HW","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"bibr34-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2003.18.7.1274","volume":"18","author":"Blumsohn A","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"bibr35-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.040125","volume":"19","author":"Pasco JA","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"bibr36-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980070002","volume":"11","author":"Delmas PD","year":"2000","journal-title":"Osteoporosis Int"},{"key":"bibr37-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.081778","volume":"101","author":"Zhang P","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"bibr38-0004563216665123","first-page":"21","volume":"11","author":"Misra M","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Endocrinol Rev"},{"key":"bibr39-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2407","volume":"30","author":"Evans AL","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"bibr40-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(02)00728-7","volume":"30","author":"Clowes J","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"bibr41-0004563216665123","first-page":"107","volume-title":"Bone markers: biochemical and clinical perspectives","author":"Fraser WD","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr42-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S30","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980070004","volume":"11","author":"Hannon R","year":"2000","journal-title":"Osteoporosis Int"},{"key":"bibr43-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3918","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2516","volume":"95","author":"Scott JP","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"bibr44-0004563216665123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00764.2010","volume":"110","author":"Scott JP","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"}],"container-title":["Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0004563216665123","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0004563216665123","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0004563216665123","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T12:22:54Z","timestamp":1777378974000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0004563216665123"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,5]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0004563216665123"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0004563216665123","relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-5632","1758-1001"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-5632","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1001","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,5]]}}}