{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T02:10:30Z","timestamp":1777428630160,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":118,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1991,3,1]],"date-time":"1991-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":667785600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Clin Biochem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>During the last trimester of pregnancy, there is a sixfold increase in fetal calcium and phosphorus accumulation. Unsupplemented human breast milk may not provide sufficient calcium and phosphorus for the rapdily growing preterm infant to match the accumulation that should have taken place in utero and to permit normal bone mineralization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Rickets of prematurity may present clinically between the 6th and 12th postnatal week. The clinical diagnosis may be confirmed using simple biochemical tests. Inadequate mineral substrate intake, particularly of phosphorus, is the most common cause, although a delay in the maturation of the renal enzyme, 1-\u03b1 hydroxylase, with low plasma concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, may also occur. The biochemical response to treatment can be determined by documenting a fall in plasma alkaline phosphatase activity and a rise in plasma phosphate concentration and urinary phosphate excretion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/000456329102800203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,5]],"date-time":"2014-02-05T16:58:39Z","timestamp":1391619519000},"page":"131-142","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism in the Premature Infant"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"P D","family":"Mayne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I Z","family":"Kovar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Health, Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, Charing Cross Hospital, London W6, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1991,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.bmb.a072298"},{"key":"bibr2-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-595X(80)80021-1"},{"key":"bibr3-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.175.4023.768"},{"key":"bibr4-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0650429"},{"key":"bibr5-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.6124.1382"},{"key":"bibr6-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-94-4-1022"},{"key":"bibr7-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1980.60.2.551"},{"key":"bibr8-000456329102800203","first-page":"701","volume":"50","author":"Reitz RE","year":"1977","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"bibr9-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(76)90083-7"},{"key":"bibr10-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.280.6210.277"},{"key":"bibr11-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-33-4-661"},{"key":"bibr12-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-56-2-363"},{"key":"bibr13-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.283.6283.10"},{"key":"bibr14-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/281317a0"},{"key":"bibr15-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-53-3-484"},{"key":"bibr16-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI109308"},{"key":"bibr17-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(77)91017-0"},{"key":"bibr18-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(75)90430-4"},{"key":"bibr19-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.283.6283.10"},{"key":"bibr20-000456329102800203","first-page":"746","volume":"53","author":"Drake TS","year":"1979","journal-title":"Obstet & Gynaecol"},{"key":"bibr21-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(62)90278-8"},{"key":"bibr22-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016347709162123"},{"key":"bibr23-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1973.35.5.682"},{"key":"bibr24-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-119-30215"},{"key":"bibr25-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-198005000-00012"},{"key":"bibr26-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI107764"},{"key":"bibr27-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.39.8.838"},{"key":"bibr28-000456329102800203","first-page":"908","volume":"77","author":"Haddad JG","year":"1971","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"bibr29-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(74)80024-7"},{"key":"bibr30-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-45-4-679"},{"key":"bibr31-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198002073020603"},{"key":"bibr32-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(80)80030-8"},{"key":"bibr33-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-51-5-1138"},{"key":"bibr34-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1984.tb04736.x"},{"key":"bibr35-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-198506000-00013"},{"key":"bibr36-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(77)90593-2"},{"key":"bibr37-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1964.tb34761.x"},{"key":"bibr38-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.57.10.754"},{"key":"bibr39-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-197901000-00001"},{"key":"bibr40-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.60.2.110"},{"key":"bibr41-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-197706000-00009"},{"key":"bibr42-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(73)80363-4"},{"key":"bibr43-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(80)80147-8"},{"key":"bibr44-000456329102800203","first-page":"428","volume":"84","author":"Tsang RC","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Pediatr"},{"key":"bibr45-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000240646"},{"key":"bibr46-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(75)80231-9"},{"key":"bibr47-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1986.tb03619.x"},{"key":"bibr48-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.56.8.628"},{"key":"bibr49-000456329102800203","first-page":"75","volume":"16","author":"Salle BL","year":"1981","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"bibr50-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(81)80280-6"},{"key":"bibr51-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.61.8.795"},{"key":"bibr52-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1100043"},{"key":"bibr53-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-198403000-00011"},{"key":"bibr54-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(81)80481-7"},{"key":"bibr55-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.57.6.976","volume":"57","author":"Forbes GB","year":"1976","journal-title":"Pediatr"},{"key":"bibr56-000456329102800203","first-page":"329","volume":"40","author":"Ziegler EE","year":"1976","journal-title":"Growth"},{"key":"bibr57-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1974.tb04808.x"},{"key":"bibr58-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1981.tb05540.x"},{"key":"bibr59-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1943.02010130010001","volume":"65","author":"Benjamin HR","year":"1943","journal-title":"Am J Dis Child"},{"key":"bibr60-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.1983.tb07705.x"},{"key":"bibr61-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.59.12.1145"},{"key":"bibr62-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/242265a0"},{"key":"bibr63-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(83)80373-4"},{"key":"bibr64-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(80)80861-4"},{"key":"bibr65-000456329102800203","unstructured":"Kovar IZ, Mayne PD. Unpublished observations."},{"key":"bibr66-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.58.8.629"},{"key":"bibr67-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(78)80545-9"},{"key":"bibr68-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.59.12.1141"},{"key":"bibr69-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.48.6.883","volume":"48","author":"Griscom N","year":"1971","journal-title":"Pediatr"},{"key":"bibr70-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.55.12.945"},{"key":"bibr71-000456329102800203","first-page":"157","volume":"2","author":"Thakker RV","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"bibr72-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1946.tb07356.x","volume":"33","author":"Von Sydow G","year":"1946","journal-title":"Acta Pediatr Scand"},{"key":"bibr73-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(80)80814-6"},{"key":"bibr74-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(81)80852-9"},{"key":"bibr75-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.61.9.871"},{"key":"bibr76-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1981.tb05730.x"},{"key":"bibr77-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.52.4.268"},{"key":"bibr78-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(78)80916-0"},{"key":"bibr79-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.60.7.682"},{"key":"bibr80-000456329102800203","first-page":"26","volume":"1","author":"McIntosh N","year":"1984","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"bibr81-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)90810-R"},{"key":"bibr82-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/33.10.1783"},{"key":"bibr83-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)91569-0"},{"key":"bibr84-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(50)80103-8"},{"key":"bibr85-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1980.tb07028.x"},{"key":"bibr86-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.8.45.215"},{"key":"bibr87-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-3782(85)90116-1"},{"key":"bibr88-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.57.5.373"},{"key":"bibr89-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000456328602300604"},{"key":"bibr90-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.20.1.63","volume":"20","author":"Eek S","year":"1957","journal-title":"Pediatr"},{"key":"bibr91-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/23.2.292"},{"key":"bibr92-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/34.2.335"},{"key":"bibr93-000456329102800203","first-page":"200","author":"Anon","year":"1987","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"bibr94-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197902083000607"},{"key":"bibr95-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197712082972307"},{"key":"bibr96-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.60.7.682"},{"key":"bibr97-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(76)90088-9"},{"key":"bibr98-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09811.x"},{"key":"bibr99-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1982.03970430013003"},{"key":"bibr100-000456329102800203","first-page":"291","volume":"52","author":"Davies DP","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"bibr101-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198302033080501"},{"key":"bibr102-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(79)80305-4"},{"key":"bibr103-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(80)80740-2"},{"key":"bibr104-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)90635-5"},{"key":"bibr105-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02405070"},{"key":"bibr106-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-102-3-731"},{"key":"bibr107-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)90716-X"},{"key":"bibr108-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09763.x"},{"key":"bibr109-000456329102800203","first-page":"1015","volume":"66","year":"1980","journal-title":"Pediatr"},{"key":"bibr110-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.56.2.144"},{"key":"bibr111-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.57.11.848"},{"key":"bibr112-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(85)80255-9"},{"key":"bibr113-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.58.8.573"},{"key":"bibr114-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607183007004358"},{"key":"bibr115-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.61.5.495"},{"key":"bibr116-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.64.4_Spec_No.489"},{"key":"bibr117-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.65.4_Spec_No.352"},{"key":"bibr118-000456329102800203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.65.4_Spec_No.354"}],"container-title":["Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/000456329102800203","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/000456329102800203","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T11:36:37Z","timestamp":1777376197000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/000456329102800203"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1991,3]]},"references-count":118,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/000456329102800203"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/000456329102800203","relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-5632","1758-1001"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-5632","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1001","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1991,3]]}}}