{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T20:09:17Z","timestamp":1792008557299,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]],"date-time":"2020-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603324800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100030769","name":"Pakistan Institute of Living and Learning","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100030769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000874","name":"brain and behavior research foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000874","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"national institute for health research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Australasian Society for Bipolar and Depressive Disorders"},{"name":"Simons Autism Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007123","name":"stanley medical research institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007123","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001778","name":"deakin university","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001778","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Lilly"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"national health and medical research council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust N Z J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Randomized controlled clinical trials that have investigated minocycline as an adjunctive treatment for major depressive disorder have proved promising. Data from two studies were pooled to evaluate more definitively whether the addition of minocycline to standard treatment for major depressive disorder leads to an improvement of depressive symptoms when compared with placebo.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both studies were multi-site, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trials of minocycline 200\u2009mg\/day added to treatment as usual during a 12-week period. The primary outcome measure was change in depressive symptoms (Montgomery\u2013Asberg Depression Rating Scale in Dean et al. and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale in Husain et al.). Secondary outcomes were change in depression severity (Montgomery\u2013Asberg Depression Rating Scale for Dean et al. and 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire in Husain et al.), anxiety severity (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale in Dean et al. and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale in Husain et al.) and functional status, which were also evaluated as potential mediators on the primary outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 112 participants were included in the pooled data (Dean et al., n\u2009=\u200971; Husain et al., n\u2009=\u200941). A significant change from baseline to week 12 was noted in depressive symptoms \u2013 differential change (Placebo vs Minocycline): 9.0, 95% confidence interval\u2009=\u2009[4.2, 13.9], Cohen\u2019s D (95% confidence interval): 0.71 [0.29, 1.14], p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001 \u2013 anxiety severity \u2013 differential change (Placebo vs Minocycline): 0.38, confidence interval\u2009=\u2009[0.00, 0.75], Cohen\u2019s D (95% confidence interval): 0.41 [0.00, 0.82], p\u2009=\u20090.050) and functional status \u2013 differential change (Placebo vs Minocycline): 1.0, 95% confidence interval\u2009=\u2009[0.4, 1.5], Cohen\u2019s D (95% confidence interval): 0.76 [0.34, 1.19], p\u2009=\u20090.001). Duration of illness, current use of benzodiazepine and pain medication were identified as moderators, whereas functional status as a mediator\/predictor.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The improvement of depressive symptoms, anxiety severity and functional status is promising and suggests that minocycline has potential as an adjunctive treatment for major depressive disorder. However, further studies are warranted to confirm therapeutic effects of minocycline in major depressive disorder.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registrations:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NCT02263872, registered October 2014, and ACTRN12612000283875, registered March 2012.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867420965697","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,23]],"date-time":"2020-10-23T02:20:27Z","timestamp":1603419627000},"page":"784-798","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Minocycline as adjunctive treatment for major depressive disorder: Pooled data from two randomized controlled trials"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8473-050X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robson","family":"Zazula","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Latin American Institute for the Science of Life and Nature, Federal University of Latin American Integration, Foz do Iguacu, Brazil"},{"name":"Health Sciences Graduate Program, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil"},{"name":"Deakin University, iMPACT, the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Ishrat","family":"Husain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"},{"name":"Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9713-7211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammadreza","family":"Mohebbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deakin University, iMPACT, the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia"},{"name":"Deakin University, Faculty of Health, Biostatistics Unit, Geelong, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam J","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deakin University, iMPACT, the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imran B","family":"Chaudhry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan"},{"name":"Pakistan Institute of Living and Learning, Karachi, Pakistan"},{"name":"University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ameer B","family":"Khoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pakistan Institute of Living and Learning, Karachi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6832-4157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melanie M","family":"Ashton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deakin University, iMPACT, the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8735-2401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Agustini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deakin University, iMPACT, the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, Geelong, 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Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia"},{"name":"Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"The Melbourne Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"Orygen the National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Buranee","family":"Kanchanatawan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chee H","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Melbourne Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Maes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deakin University, iMPACT, the 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