{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T02:55:14Z","timestamp":1782442514587,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,14]],"date-time":"2021-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003524","name":"ministry of business, innovation and employment","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["A Better Start National Science Challenge"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A Better Start National Science Challenge"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003524","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust N Z J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Throughout pregnancy, women are at an increased risk of depression, with prevalence estimates between 6.5% and 18%. Global prevalence of antenatal antidepressant use is considerably lower at 3%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present study determined the proportion of women taking antidepressants across pregnancy in New Zealand. We investigated whether variation exists across age bands, area-level deprivation and ethnicities, and identified how many women experienced unmedicated depression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Antenatal data ( n\u2009=\u20096822) consisted of primarily third-trimester interviews conducted with mothers participating in Growing Up in New Zealand, a longitudinal study investigating child development. Women were asked about their antidepressant intake during pregnancy and assessed on antenatal depression symptoms using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Antidepressant use data were also compared to population-level data from Statistics New Zealand\u2019s Integrated Data Infrastructure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Antidepressant prevalence across pregnancy was 3.2%, with a 2.7% prevalence in trimester one and 2.6% following the first trimester. There was no significant difference in usage within age bands and area-level deprivation quintiles. Ethnicity-specific data revealed that Pasifika and Asian ethnicities had the lowest antidepressant use, and New Zealand Europeans the highest. The rate of unmedicated depression, where women met the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale criteria for significant depressive symptoms but did not receive antidepressants during pregnancy, was 11.8%, indicating that antenatal depression treatment may be inadequate. Greater rates of unmedicated depression were seen for younger women (\u2a7d24\u2009years), those living in high deprivation areas and mothers of Pasifika, Asian and M\u0101ori ethnicities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Antenatal antidepressant use in New Zealand follows global prevalence estimates and highlights possible undertreatment of antenatal depression in New Zealand. Future research including other treatment types (e.g. behavioural therapy) is needed to evaluate whether undertreatment occurs across all treatment options.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00048674211025699","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,14]],"date-time":"2021-07-14T13:01:47Z","timestamp":1626267707000},"page":"489-499","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Prevalence of antidepressant use and unmedicated depression in pregnant New Zealand women"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Charlotte A","family":"Svardal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Waldie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"},{"name":"Centre for Longitudinal Research\u2013He Ara ki Mua, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barry","family":"Milne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COMPASS Research Centre, Faculty of Arts, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"},{"name":"School of Social Sciences, Faculty of Arts, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"},{"name":"A Better Start National Science Challenge, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan MB","family":"Morton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Longitudinal Research\u2013He Ara ki Mua, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"},{"name":"School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1458-2147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie","family":"D\u2019Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COMPASS Research Centre, Faculty of Arts, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"},{"name":"School of Social Sciences, Faculty of Arts, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"},{"name":"A Better Start National Science Challenge, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00048674211025699","unstructured":"Agnew F, Pulotu-Endemann FK, Robinson G, et al. 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