{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T22:05:51Z","timestamp":1777413951544,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]],"date-time":"2021-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629244800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust N Z J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe the characteristics of offenders found not guilty on the grounds of mental illness (NGMI) in New South Wales and rates of NGMI and other homicide verdicts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Demographic, legal and clinical data after referral to the NSW Mental Health Review Tribunal following an NGMI verdict for homicide matched with results from the National Homicide Monitoring Program.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Between 1993 and 2016, a total of 2159 homicide offenders were dealt with by the NSW courts, including 169 (7.8%) who were found NGMI. Over this period, the rate of non-NGMI homicide convictions fell from 1.83 per 100,000 per annum to 0.65 per 100,000 per annum (Kendall\u2019s tau\u2009=\u2009\u22120.79, p\u2009\u2a7d\u20090.001) while the rate of NGMI homicide fluctuated, with an average annual rate of about 0.1 per 100,000 per annum (Kendall\u2019s tau\u2009=\u20090.17, p\u2009=\u20090.23). There was no association between the annual rates of NGMI and non-NGMI homicides (Pearson r\u2009=\u2009\u22120.3, p\u2009=\u20090.16) but falling rate of non-NGMI homicide meant that the proportion of NGMI offences doubled from 5.5% in the first 12\u2009years to 11% in the second 12\u2009years. Nearly all (88.7%) of those found NGMI had a schizophrenia-related psychosis. However, there were high rates of psychiatric comorbidity including substance use disorder (60.7%) and a history of a prior head injury (41.1%). Most (83.4%) of the NGMI offenders had previous contact with mental health services, but only half of these had received treatment with antipsychotic medication.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The fall in conviction for homicide offences in the last 24\u2009years has not been matched by a reduction in NGMI homicide verdicts. More assertive treatment of emerging psychosis and comorbid substance use disorders, and improved continuity of care of chronic psychosis might prevent some homicides.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00048674211040016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]],"date-time":"2021-08-18T05:20:43Z","timestamp":1629264043000},"page":"836-843","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Rates of homicide and homicide associated with severe mental illness in NSW between 1993 and 2016"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5172-2781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olav","family":"Nielssen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgia","family":"Lyons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychiatry, UNSW, Kensington, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katya","family":"Oldfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney South West and North Coast Psychiatry Training Network, Liverpool, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anina","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NSW Mental Health Review Tribunal, Boronia Park, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3510-5892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kimberlie","family":"Dean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychiatry, UNSW, Kensington, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Large","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychiatry, UNSW, Kensington, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00048674211040016","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) (2020) 3101.0 National, State and Territory Population TABLE 51. 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