{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T11:20:00Z","timestamp":1788261600449,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002842","name":"Chiang Mai University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002842","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001803","name":"Charles Darwin University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001803","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust N Z J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Military veterans have high rates of mental health conditions; complex post-traumatic stress disorder may be the most functionally impaired trauma diagnosis in this patient group. Psychological resilience acts as a protective factor for mental health. Still, it is unclear how this may influence relationships between the two main symptom clusters of complex post-traumatic stress disorder and functioning impairment in veterans. Therefore, we investigated the relationships between psychological resilience, trauma symptom severity, trauma exposure and work\/social functional impairment among Australian Defence Force veterans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional survey including 148 mental health support-seeking former-serving Australian Defence Force veterans in primary care. Relationships between variables were explored using correlations, mean difference tests and mediation analysis to examine the role of resilience in the relationship between complex post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and functional impairment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Resilience showed significant negative correlations with functioning impairment. The number of traumas showed weak positive correlations with disturbances in self-organisation symptoms, post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and functional impairment. The complex post-traumatic stress disorder group had significantly lower resilience and functioning than those with no diagnosis. After controlling for the number of trauma exposures, resilience partially mediated the association between post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and functioning (indirect effect\u2009=\u20090.141,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), and partially mediated the association between disturbances in self-organisation symptoms and functioning (indirect effect\u2009=\u20090.157,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Psychological resilience was associated with better functioning in veterans regardless of trauma diagnosis. Resilience also partially mediates the relationship between disturbances in self-organisation\/post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and functioning in those with International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision, complex post-traumatic stress disorder, indicating it is an important intervention target in Australian Defence Force veterans with polytrauma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00048674261465559","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T15:48:01Z","timestamp":1784821681000},"page":"848-858","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The role of psychological resilience in the relationship between complex post-traumatic stress disorder symptom severity and functioning impairment in mental health support-seeking Australian defence force veterans: A cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6569-614X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wachira","family":"Suriyawong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3002-0630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thanos","family":"Karatzias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health &amp; Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Steele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veteran Medical, Perth, WA, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4703-5430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grace WK","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitchell K","family":"Byrne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noppamas","family":"Pipatpiboon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0470-362X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David A","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health, NT Government, Darwin, NT, Australia"},{"name":"Flinders University, Darwin, NT, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Shevlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ulster, Ulster, Northern Ireland, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6787-056X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Br\u00f3na NG","family":"Easpaig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney Nursing School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianliang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianxia","family":"Zhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janina","family":"Murta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0951-2208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Bressington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand"},{"name":"Department of Health, NT Government, Darwin, NT, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-18009-5_3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.04.075"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000370"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40359-024-01713-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2019.1694766"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00048674241230197"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","first-page":"1097","volume-title":"Comprehensive Guide to Post-traumatic Stress Disorder","author":"Bruenig D","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bruenig D, Morris CP, Young RM, et al. 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