{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T07:52:57Z","timestamp":1791013977598,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GNT2002047"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT2002047"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP230100967"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP230100967"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust N Z J Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of compulsory community treatment in Australia varies widely within, and across, jurisdictions for reasons that are not fully understood. This study, therefore, used meta-regression to explore possible explanations for this variation in the following four Australian states: Queensland, South Australia, New South Wales and Victoria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Aggregated administrative data from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare for 2018 were analysed, encompassing 402,060 individuals in contact with community mental health services. Meta-regression using logit-transformed proportions was employed to assess associations between compulsory community treatment rates and district-level sociodemographic variables, including age, sex, marital status, region of birth and metropolitan residence. Workforce data were also examined in New South Wales.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compulsory community treatment use varied significantly by jurisdiction and by health district within jurisdictions. Higher rates were associated with districts having more individuals aged 25\u201344 years, males (in South Australia), metropolitan residents, and those born outside Oceania. These associations persisted after adjustment. There was no statistically significant association between workforce levels and compulsory community treatment use in New South Wales.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings suggest that sociodemographic factors such as age, sex and place of residence or birth may explain some of the variation in compulsory community treatment use between health districts. The influence of sociodemographic variables and geographical location in influencing compulsory community treatment use at the health district level needs further investigation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Registration:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.anzctr.org.au\/\">https:\/\/www.anzctr.org.au\/<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      ; ACTRN12624000153516).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  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Halifax, NS, Canada"},{"name":"The ALIVE National Centre for Mental Health Research Translation, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4064-652X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Bull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia"},{"name":"The ALIVE National Centre for Mental Health Research Translation, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5768-0594","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tessa","family":"Zirnsak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Work and Social Policy, Department of Community and Clinical Health, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vrinda","family":"Edan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Lawn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lived Experience Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia"},{"name":"College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2195-7146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edwina","family":"Light","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Maylea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Law School, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 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