{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T16:48:19Z","timestamp":1791478099412,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,6]],"date-time":"2014-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1407283200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Pediatr (Phila)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Background. Accurate determination and detection of fever is essential in the appropriate treatment of pediatric population. It is widely known that improper definitions of fever can cause grave and dangerous consequences in medical procedures. Infrared tympanic thermometry seems a relatively new and popular alternative for traditional measurement in the diagnosis of pediatric fever. However, its accuracy in the diagnosis of fever remains a major concern. Design. Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data Sources. Medline, Ovid, Elsevier, Google Scholar, and Cochrane library. Study Selection. Cross-sectional, prospective design. Data Extraction. Two investigators independently assessed selected studies and extracted data. Disagreements were resolved by discussion with other reviewers. Results. A total of 25 articles were included in our meta-analysis. The summary estimates revealed that the pooled sensitivity was 0.70 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.68-0.72), pooled specificity was 0.86 (95% CI = 0.85-0.88), and pooled diagnostic odds ratio was 47.3 (95% CI = 29.76-75.18), for the diagnosis of fever using infrared tympanic thermometry. Additionally, the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.94, and Q* value was 0.87. Conclusion. A total of 25 articles that encompassing 31 studies were analyzed. Based on our meta-analysis, accuracy of infrared tympanic thermometry in diagnosing fever is high. We can cautiously make conclusion that infrared tympanic thermometry should be widely used as fever of thermometer. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922814545492","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,8]],"date-time":"2014-08-08T03:07:48Z","timestamp":1407467268000},"page":"114-126","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Accuracy of Infrared Tympanic Thermometry Used in the Diagnosis of Fever in Children"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Chen","family":"Zhen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, People\u2019s Republic of China"},{"name":"Peking University, Beijing, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhang","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University, Beijing, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhou","family":"Ya Jun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Xiangya Hospital, Hunan, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University, Beijing, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Jian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shantou University, Guangdong, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cai","family":"Gui Ju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dalian Medical University Postgraduate School, Dalian, Liaoning Province, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.12464"},{"key":"bibr2-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/2046905513Y.0000000066"},{"key":"bibr3-0009922814545492","first-page":"765","volume-title":"Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases","author":"Mackowiak PA","year":"2009","edition":"7"},{"key":"bibr4-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4037\/ajcc1995.4.4.286"},{"key":"bibr5-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1974.36.3.333"},{"key":"bibr6-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03091900600711464"},{"key":"bibr7-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-172X.2009.01756.x"},{"key":"bibr8-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03550050105047"},{"key":"bibr9-0009922814545492","first-page":"39","volume":"8","author":"Ng DK","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hong Kong Med J"},{"key":"bibr10-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199308000-00018"},{"key":"bibr11-0009922814545492","first-page":"41","author":"Duce SJ","year":"1994","journal-title":"DARE Rev"},{"key":"bibr12-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-6155.2001.tb00243.x"},{"key":"bibr13-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2005.088831"},{"key":"bibr14-0009922814545492","first-page":"477","volume":"15","author":"Barber N","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pediatr Nurs"},{"key":"bibr15-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7305.157"},{"key":"bibr16-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-2115(03)00098-8"},{"key":"bibr17-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-2115(00)00463-2"},{"key":"bibr18-0009922814545492","volume-title":"Evidence-Based Care Guideline for Fever of Uncertain Source in Infants 60 Days of Age or Less","author":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality"},{"key":"bibr19-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-2-9"},{"key":"bibr20-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-3-25"},{"key":"bibr21-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(86)90046-2"},{"key":"bibr22-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3631"},{"key":"bibr23-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctvk12px9"},{"key":"bibr24-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2005.01.016"},{"key":"bibr25-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.curtheres.2013.11.005"},{"key":"bibr26-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0b013e31827b5427"},{"key":"bibr27-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.12060"},{"key":"bibr28-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-12-86"},{"key":"bibr29-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1824-7288-37-8"},{"key":"bibr30-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2010.185801"},{"key":"bibr31-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enfcli.2008.10.016"},{"key":"bibr32-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2298\/MPNS0812615P"},{"key":"bibr33-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2004.022764"},{"key":"bibr34-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5876(03)00198-8"},{"key":"bibr35-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2002.127664"},{"key":"bibr36-0009922814545492","first-page":"2700","volume":"122","author":"Banitalebi H","year":"2002","journal-title":"Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen"},{"key":"bibr37-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000992289903800804"},{"key":"bibr38-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0882-5963(99)80042-6"},{"key":"bibr39-0009922814545492","first-page":"39","volume":"25","author":"Lanham DM","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatr Nurs"},{"key":"bibr40-0009922814545492","first-page":"9","volume":"134","author":"Montoya-Cabrera MA","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gac Med Mex"},{"key":"bibr41-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(96)70031-8"},{"key":"bibr42-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(95)70350-0"},{"key":"bibr43-0009922814545492","first-page":"127","volume":"19","author":"Selfridge J","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Emerg Nurs"},{"key":"bibr44-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922891030004S07"},{"key":"bibr45-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922891030004S08"},{"key":"bibr46-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.85.5.854","volume":"85","author":"Kenney RD","year":"1990","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"bibr47-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000992289002900209"},{"key":"bibr48-0009922814545492","first-page":"2763","volume":"125","author":"Nord\u00e5s TG","year":"2005","journal-title":"Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen"},{"key":"bibr49-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199810000-00015"},{"key":"bibr50-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V37N4p347","volume":"37","author":"Lim CL","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singapore"},{"key":"bibr51-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02723215"},{"key":"bibr52-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5876(02)00129-5"},{"key":"bibr53-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S002221510013395X"},{"key":"bibr54-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000992289703600810"},{"key":"bibr55-0009922814545492","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5876(01)00482-7"}],"container-title":["Clinical Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0009922814545492","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0009922814545492","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0009922814545492","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T22:55:49Z","timestamp":1740783349000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0009922814545492"}},"subtitle":["A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,6]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0009922814545492"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0009922814545492","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-9228","1938-2707"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-9228","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-2707","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,6]]}}}