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Seven, 40, and 2 defects were rising, flat, and falling, respectively, and 10\/12 summary indices rose. Atrial septal defect, spina bifida, microcephalus, Down\u2019s syndrome, ventricular septal defect, and patent ductus arteriosus rose, and along with central nervous system, cardiovascular, genitourinary, respiratory, chromosomal, and musculoskeletal defects rose 5 to 37 times faster than the birth rate (3.3%) to generate an excess of 11\u2009753 (22%) major anomalies. Cannabis was the only drug whose use grew from 2000 to 2014 while pain relievers, cocaine, alcohol, and tobacco did not. The correlation of cannabis use with major defects in 2014 (2019 dataset) was R = .77, P = .0011. Multiple cannabinoids were linked with summary measures of congenital anomalies and were robust to multivariate adjustment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922819861281","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,10]],"date-time":"2019-07-10T01:28:08Z","timestamp":1562722088000},"page":"1085-1123","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Cannabis Teratology Explains Current Patterns of Coloradan Congenital Defects: The Contribution of Increased Cannabinoid Exposure to Rising Teratological Trends"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3256-720X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Albert Stuart","family":"Reece","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia"},{"name":"Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary Kenneth","family":"Hulse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia"},{"name":"Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0009922819861281","first-page":"224","volume":"177","author":"Geber WF","year":"1969","journal-title":"Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther"},{"key":"bibr2-0009922819861281","first-page":"271","volume-title":"Cannabis and Health","volume":"1976","author":"Graham JDP","edition":"1"},{"key":"bibr3-0009922819861281","first-page":"879","volume":"371","author":"Volkow ND","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"bibr4-0009922819861281","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.18612"},{"key":"bibr5-0009922819861281","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/L17-0067"},{"key":"bibr6-0009922819861281","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.17225"},{"key":"bibr7-0009922819861281","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002619"},{"key":"bibr8-0009922819861281","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. 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