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The factors involved in the NEC-associated BSI were investigated using univariate and multivariate analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The majority of NEC-associated BSIs were caused by\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Klebsiella<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. (23%). Compared with those without BSI, the neonates with BSI had significantly lower gestational age and birth weight (BW), had a higher incidence rate of NEC of stage III (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .048) and surgical NEC. The independent risk factors of concurrent BSI were BW and first white blood cell (WBC) count. And BSI, vasopressor use at enrollment, and respiratory support were independent risk factors of the NEC-attributable mortality.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The BSI following NEC was associated with low BW and high WBC, which might be helpful for the optimization of treatment planning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00099228251383817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T11:34:11Z","timestamp":1761737651000},"page":"274-283","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Risk Factors of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Neonates With Bloodstream Infections: A Case-Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Chunli","family":"Bao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric General Surgery, Women and Children\u2019s Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric General Surgery, Women and Children\u2019s Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric General Surgery, Women and Children\u2019s Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2636-1341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chunbao","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric General Surgery, Women and Children\u2019s Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1005408"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu822"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000431305"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-3149"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-2141"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2015.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-11-73"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000003078"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-017-2574-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004310100749"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2006.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.09.020"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","first-page":"213","article-title":"Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis: pathogenesis, classification, and spectrum of illness","volume":"17","author":"Kliegman RM","year":"1987","unstructured":"Kliegman RM, Walsh MC. Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis: pathogenesis, classification, and spectrum of illness. Curr Probl Pediatr. 1987;17(4):213-288.","journal-title":"Curr Probl Pediatr"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3181e7884f"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000000532"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.110.2.285"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis527"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","first-page":"117","article-title":"Medical care related laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infections in paediatrics","volume":"23","author":"Virano S","year":"2015","unstructured":"Virano S, Scolfaro C, Garazzino S, et al. Medical care related laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infections in paediatrics. 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