{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T14:52:54Z","timestamp":1791039174970,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100024143","name":"Association of Pediatric Program Directors","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Trainee Award in Child Health Advocacy"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Trainee Award in Child Health Advocacy"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100024143","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Pediatr (Phila)"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This study evaluates the effectiveness of a novel training curriculum on providers\u2019 comfort levels in using gender pronouns (GP) and providing routine care to the gender-diverse population (GDP) by reducing perceived barriers. This interventional study employs a pretest-posttest survey analysis to assess the curriculum administered to consenting physicians and residents in the Department of Pediatrics. Using the Kern Model, a curriculum comprising 7 grand round lectures and 1 focus group session was developed and conducted by expert medical speakers and external advocacy organizations. Based on Social Learning Theory, representative materials such as badges and signage were incorporated. Data analysis was performed using mean percentages for descriptive data and chi-square tests for significance. Survey response rates were 78% for the pretest and 85% for the posttest, with 44 and 48 respondents, respectively. Postcurriculum, comfort levels in using GP significantly increased among residents (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.024), with a positive shift toward participating in routine care for GDP. Perceived barriers, such as \u201clack of knowledge\/competency\/training\u201d and \u201cfear of making a mistake,\u201d decreased markedly, with a significant rise in respondents reporting \u201cno barriers\u201d (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.03). Providers reported the curriculum positively impacted their practice and knowledge, with no negative responses recorded. Our findings demonstrate the curriculum\u2019s effectiveness in improving provider comfort and reducing barriers, with the potential to improve competency and initiate a culture shift in a previously hesitant or uninformed population.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00099228261490613","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T09:01:31Z","timestamp":1790758891000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Enhancing Provider Comfort toward Gender Pronouns and Routine Care for Gender-Diverse Populations: A Postcurriculum Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1025-6256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tanya","family":"Tandon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, New York City Health + Hospitals (NYC HHC), Bronx, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhinav","family":"Thakral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Genomics, University of California, San Francisco, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayder","family":"Ferman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, One Brooklyn Health \u2014Brookdale Hospital Medical Center, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Divya","family":"Moorthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, One Brooklyn Health \u2014Brookdale Hospital Medical Center, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4355-1991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kanayo","family":"Nwankwo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kusum","family":"Viswanathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, One Brooklyn Health \u2014Brookdale Hospital Medical Center, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosemarie St.","family":"Victor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, One Brooklyn Health \u2014Brookdale Hospital Medical Center, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernanda","family":"Kupferman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, One Brooklyn Health \u2014Brookdale Hospital Medical Center, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"A Guide to Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity Terms. Accessed January 7 2025. https:\/\/www.apa.org\/ed\/precollege\/psychology-teacher-network\/introductory-psychology\/diversity-terms."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","unstructured":"American Psychological Association (n.d.) Key Terms and Concepts in Understanding Gender Diversity and Sexual Orientation Among Students. Accessed January 7 2025. Chrome-extension:\/\/Efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj\/https:\/\/www.apa.org\/pi\/lgbt\/programs\/safe-supportive\/lgbt\/key-terms.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","unstructured":"Gender incongruence and transgender health in the ICD. Accessed January 7 2025. https:\/\/www.who.int\/standards\/classifications\/frequently-asked-questions\/gender-incongruence-and-transgender-health-in-the-icd."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","unstructured":"What is gender-affirming care? Your questions answered. AAMC. Accessed January 7 2025. https:\/\/www.aamc.org\/news\/what-gender-affirming-care-your-questions-answered."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2023.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2016.10.016"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","first-page":"23","article-title":"Gender-affirming care for transgender patients","volume":"19","author":"Bhatt N","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bhatt N, Cannella J, Gentile JP. Gender-affirming care for transgender patients. Innov Clin Neurosci. 2022;19(4-6):23-32.","journal-title":"Innov Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.1255"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2023.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","unstructured":"The Trevor Project National Survey 2020. Accessed December 31 2024. https:\/\/www.thetrevorproject.org\/survey-2020\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2024.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15766\/mep_2374-8265.11013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2021.0074"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","unstructured":"How social learning theory works. People & Culture. 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