{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T21:55:15Z","timestamp":1784843715947,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":117,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,21]],"date-time":"2016-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1458518400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000155","name":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environment and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Attachment to place may contribute to individuals\u2019 well-being. We evaluated whether visualizing a place of attachment (compared with visualizing a nonattached familiar place) could increase the satisfaction of key psychological needs. Place attachment visualizations increased participants\u2019 levels of self-esteem, meaning, and belonging. Furthermore, visualizing places at a certain geographical scale helped to improve meaning, self-esteem, and belonging among participants who had been ostracized. This is the first study to treat place attachment as an independent variable in an experimental design, so it broadens the options for internally valid, methodologically diverse place attachment research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0013916516637648","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,21]],"date-time":"2016-03-21T21:45:18Z","timestamp":1458596718000},"page":"359-389","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":266,"title":["Place Attachment Enhances Psychological Need Satisfaction"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Leila","family":"Scannell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Gifford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_1","volume-title":"Infancy in Uganda: Infant care and the growth of love","author":"Ainsworth M. D. S.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Ainsworth M. D. S. (1967). Infancy in Uganda: Infant care and the growth of love. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-8753-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167202288011"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0956-7976.2004.00708.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.61.2.226"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.117.3.497"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(01)00297-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1984.0328"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0013916505277608"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.nmd.0000202489.78194.8d"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_1","volume-title":"Attachment and loss: Vol. 1. Attachment","author":"Bowlby J.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Bowlby J. (1969). Attachment and loss: Vol. 1. Attachment. New York, NY: Basic Books."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_1","volume-title":"Attachment and loss: Vol. 1. Attachment","author":"Bowlby J.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Bowlby J. (1982). Attachment and loss: Vol. 1. Attachment (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Basic Books.","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1526\/0036011041730545"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-8753-4_13"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-4944(02)00117-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2008.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1876325100802010080"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2007.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-8753-4_4"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_21_1","volume-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen J.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cohen J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.94.4.696"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10464-011-9427-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1533-8525.1993.tb00133.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327965PLI1104_01"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.54.101601.145056"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17477891.2012.689252"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvp.2009.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_29_1","first-page":"397","article-title":"Attachment to place and migration prospects: A developmental perspective","volume":"6","author":"Elder G. H.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Elder G. H., King V., Conger R. D. (1996). Attachment to place and migration prospects: A developmental perspective. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 6, 397-425.","journal-title":"Journal of Research on Adolescence"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_30_1","volume-title":"Sense of place, health and quality of life","author":"Eyles J.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Eyles J., Williams A. (Eds.). (2008). Sense of place, health and quality of life. Burlington, VT: Ashgate."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0016961"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/ort0000054"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9671.1997.tb00063.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_35_1","first-page":"124","volume-title":"The urban condition: People and policy in the metropolis","author":"Fried M.","year":"1963","unstructured":"Fried M. (1963). Grieving for a lost home. In Duhl L. J. (Ed.), The urban condition: People and policy in the metropolis (pp. 124-152). New York, NY: Simon & Schuster."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jevp.1999.0154"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.153.12.1516"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022022110381428"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_39_1","volume-title":"Environmental psychology: Principles and practice","author":"Gifford R.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gifford R. (2014). Environmental psychology: Principles and practice (5th ed.). Colville, WA: Optimal Books.","edition":"5"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0164027507305730"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_41_1","volume-title":"Controlling stress and tension","author":"Girdano D. A.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Girdano D. A., Everly G. S., Dusek D. E. (1990). Controlling stress and tension. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_42_1","first-page":"137","volume-title":"Psychological theories for environmental issues","author":"Giuliani M. V.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Giuliani M. V. (2003). Theory of attachment and place attachment. In Bonnes M., Lee T., Bonaiuto M., (Eds.), Psychological theories for environmental issues (pp. 137-170). Aldershot, UK: Ashgate."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.58.2.308"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00139160121973188"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jevp.1995.0027"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jevp.1997.0060"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327957pspr1002_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15534510.2013.824388"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvp.2007.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jevp.2001.0221"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0261927X9801700303"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bjsw\/bcn142"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167209358882"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jevp.2001.0226"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-4944(95)90001-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0013916507302246"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00139160121973133"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvp.2008.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2005.01603.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00222216.2003.11949993"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvp.2004.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0022-3514.79.3.367"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470561119.socpsy002024"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvp.2008.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvp.2009.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvp.2010.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199401000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-8753-4_8"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-4944(02)00074-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_70_1","first-page":"165","volume-title":"Place attachment: Advances in theory, methods, and applications","author":"Manzo L. C.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Manzo L. C. (2014). Exploring the shadow side: Place attachment in the context of stigma, displacement, and social housing. In Manzo L. C., Devine-Wright P. (Eds.), Place attachment: Advances in theory, methods, and applications (pp. 165-176). New York, NY: Routledge."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_71_1","first-page":"165","volume-title":"Place attachment: Advances in theory, methods, and applications","author":"Manzo L. C.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Manzo L. C., Devine-Wright P. (2014). Introduction. In Manzo L. C., Devine-Wright P. (Eds.), Place attachment: Advances in theory, methods, and applications (pp. 165-176). New York, NY: Routledge."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-4944(05)80175-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvp.2004.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000276420935624.3"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.81.2.305"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0022-3514.81.1.97"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_77_1","first-page":"233","volume-title":"Interpersonal cognition","author":"Mikulincer M.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mikulincer M., Shaver P. R. (2005). Mental representations of attachment security: Theoretical foundation for a positive social psychology. In Baldwin M. W. (Ed.), Interpersonal cognition (pp. 233-266). New York, NY: Guilford."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10478400701512646"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.89.5.817"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvp.2009.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvp.2009.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470561119.socpsy002021"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0013916578102002"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-4944(83)80021-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2009.02414.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2012.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_87_1","unstructured":"Randolph J. J. (2008). Online Kappa Calculator. Retrieved from http:\/\/justus.randolph.name\/kappa (accessed 26 October 2015)."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvp.2010.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.erap.2010.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/13555850110764838"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2009.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_92_1","unstructured":"Scannell L. (2013). The bases of bonding: The psychological functions of place attachment in comparison to interpersonal attachment (Doctoral dissertation). University of Victoria British Columbia Canada."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvp.2009.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0013916511421196"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_95_1","first-page":"23","volume-title":"Place attachment: Advances in theory, methods, and applications","author":"Scannell L.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Scannell L., Gifford R. (2014). Comparing the theories of interpersonal and place attachment. In Manzo L. C., Devine-Wright P. (Eds.), Place attachment: Advances in theory, methods, and applications (pp. 23-36). New York, NY: Routledge."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7185(91)90017-K"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.80.2.325"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/014466607X238797"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_99_1","unstructured":"Speller G. M. (2000). A community in transition: A longitudinal study of place attachment and identity processes in the context of an enforced relocation (Doctoral dissertation). University of Surrey Guildford Surrey UK."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-12697-5_11"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1948550611404707"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_102_1","volume-title":"Human groups and social categories: Studies in social psychology","author":"Tajfel H.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Tajfel H. (1981). Human groups and social categories: Studies in social psychology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327795jra0403_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1549-0831.2001.tb00087.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_105_1","volume-title":"Topophilia: A study of environmental perception, attitudes, and values","author":"Tuan Y.-F.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Tuan Y.-F. (1974). Topophilia: A study of environmental perception, attitudes, and values. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jevp.1996.0017"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.91.5.918"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00958960109598658"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jevp.1996.0022"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.54.6.1063"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1668.2006.tb00530.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2008.11.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.58.110405.085641"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781412958479.n384"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.79.5.748"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-4959.2005.00156.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jesp.2003.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8295.1992.tb02429.x"}],"container-title":["Environment and Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0013916516637648","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0013916516637648","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0013916516637648","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T18:15:55Z","timestamp":1777400155000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0013916516637648"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,21]]},"references-count":117,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0013916516637648"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0013916516637648","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-9165","1552-390X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-9165","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-390X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,21]]}}}