{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T12:01:41Z","timestamp":1784548901337,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,22]],"date-time":"2024-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708560000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011615","name":"university of ruhuna","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FoM\/RG2021\/01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FoM\/RG2021\/01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011615","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hosp Pharm"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objectives:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This study aimed to describe the prevalence and characteristics of ADRs and to identify the factors associated with ADRs among hospitalized patients.\n                    <jats:bold>Methodology:<\/jats:bold>\n                    A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted over a 6\u2009month period at Teaching Hospital Karapitiya (THK), Sri Lanka. A total of 2000 patients, who were admitted consecutively for any type of treatment during the study period were enrolled. The factors associated with ADRs were evaluated using logistic regression models, using ADR occurrence as the outcome.\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    A total of 123 ADRs were found from the sample. The prevalence of ADRs among hospitalized patients was 6.2%. (95% CI 5.1-7.2). ADRs were reported in 62 males (50.4%). The median (IQR) age of ADR occurrence was 52 (35-67) years. The most prevalent type of ADR was Type A (n\u2009=\u200962, 50.4%) and out of the total ADRs, 74 were moderately severe reactions (60.2%). Antibiotics (n\u2009=\u200929, 23.5%) were the most common causative agent for ADRs, followed by anticoagulants (n\u2009=\u200910, 8.1%). The multivariate logistic regression model showed that the number of prescribed drugs (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.011), ADR history (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090 0.01) and diabetes mellitus (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.003) were significantly associated with the occurrence of ADRs. Age (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.21), gender (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.31), ethnicity (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.14), and other concomitant illnesses (Hypertension\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.66, Ischemic Heart Disease\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.25, etc.) did not associated with the occurrence of ADRs.\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    According to this study the prevalence of ADRs was significant among inward patients in the Teaching Hospital, Karapitiya. The number of prescribed drugs, ADR history and diabetes mellitus were significantly correlated with the occurrence of ADRs. The results of the study can be used to guide healthcare professionals to revise the medication list frequently and monitor the patients who are at risk for developing ADRs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00185787241234217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]],"date-time":"2024-02-23T00:55:50Z","timestamp":1708649750000},"page":"489-497","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Prevalence, Characteristics and Factors Associated with Adverse Drug Reactions Among Hospitalized Patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5162-7477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madhushika","family":"MT","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayasinghe","family":"SS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liyanage","family":"PLGC","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumanathilaka","family":"TGHK","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","volume-title":"Safety of Medicines: A Guide to Detecting and Reporting Adverse Drug Reactions: Why Health Professionals Need to Take Action","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2002","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Safety of Medicines: A Guide to Detecting and Reporting Adverse Drug Reactions: Why Health Professionals Need to Take Action. World Health Organization; 2002."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-016-0444-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afaa188"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2013.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.279.15.1200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00019053-199915050-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4038\/pjsl.v6i0.9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4038\/cmj.v48i3.3352"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4038\/cmj.v47i1.6403"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taherdoost H. 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