{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T06:40:07Z","timestamp":1793947207833,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747612800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hosp Pharm"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Tendinopathies and ligament disorders are significant musculoskeletal adverse events associated with various drugs, leading to restricted mobility and reduced quality of life. Although certain drug classes such as fluoroquinolones and corticosteroids have established links to these conditions, there is limited research on other potential drug associations. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate drugs associated with tendinopathies and ligament disorders using data from the USFDA Adverse Event Reporting System (AERS).\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    A retrospective pharmacovigilance study utilizing spontaneous reports from the USFDA AERS database between March 2004 and June 2024 was conducted. The Standardized Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) query \u201cTendinopathies and ligament disorders\u201d and relevant Preferred Terms were used to identify cases. Disproportionality analysis was performed using both frequentist and Bayesian methods. Subgroup analyses were conducted by age, gender, and clinical outcomes.\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Out of 29\u2009153\u2009222 reports, 40\u2009485 unique reports were included, with 6641 related to tendon rupture and 2121 to ligament rupture. Fluoroquinolones, corticosteroids, lipid-modifying agents, immunosuppressants, and bisphosphonates were confirmed to have strong associations with tendon and ligament disorders. Emergent signals were identified for anti-inflammatory drugs, and various other drugs, including vaccines. Hospitalization rates were significantly higher in cases of tendon rupture compared to ligament rupture (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.0001).\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This study confirms established drug associations and identifies new signals for tendinopathies and ligament disorders. Continued pharmacovigilance is necessary to validate these findings and enhance our understanding of drug-induced musculoskeletal disorders.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00185787251337621","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T08:15:12Z","timestamp":1747642512000},"page":"451-460","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Drug-Associated Tendinopathies and Ligament Disorders: Results from a Retrospective Pharmacovigilance Study Using Disproportionality Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3811-6503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kannan","family":"Sridharan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-016-0885-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2012.10.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-2011-0274"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-33943-6_22"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2014.03.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1673.2005.01470.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465000280031401"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623317711614"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","unstructured":"Potential Signals of Serious Risks. New Safety Information Identified from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). 2024. Accessed September 27 2024. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/drugs\/questions-and-answers-fdas-adverse-event-reporting-system-faers\/potential-signals-serious-risksnew-safety-information-identified-fda-adverse-event-reporting-system"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-020-00911-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.990241"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-93763-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abate M Silbernagel et al. Pathogenesis of tendinopathies: inflammation or degeneration? Arthritis Res Ther. 2009;11(3):235.","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2723"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.therap.2019.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199716060-00002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmacy9010060"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","unstructured":"WHO. Practical aspects of signal detection in pharmacovigilance. Report of CIOMS working group VIII. World Health Organization; 2010."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-024-01423-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-034844"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1437376"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.15.1801"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac709"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","unstructured":"FDA Drug Safety Communication. FDA updates warnings for oral and injectable fluoroquinolone antibiotics due to disabling side effects. 2024. Accessed October 5 2024. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/drugs\/drug-safety-and-availability\/fda-drug-safety-communication-fda-updates-warnings-oral-and-injectable-fluoroquinolone-antibiotics"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.RVW.15.00072"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23309"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-53238-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2019.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldz040"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116919"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00281.2017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200401000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-013-3258-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","first-page":"580135","article-title":"TNF \u03b1 mediated IL-6 secretion is regulated by JAK\/STAT pathway but not by MEK phosphorylation and AKT phosphorylation in U266 multiple myeloma cells","volume":"1","author":"Lee C","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lee C, Oh JI, Park J, et al. TNF \u03b1 mediated IL-6 secretion is regulated by JAK\/STAT pathway but not by MEK phosphorylation and AKT phosphorylation in U266 multiple myeloma cells. 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