{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T06:08:00Z","timestamp":1773814080442,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,1]],"date-time":"2010-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1270080000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hum Factors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Objective: We report an experiment in which three training approaches are compared with the goal of training adaptive teams. Background: Cross-training is an established method in which team members are trained with the goal of building shared knowledge. Perturbation training is a new method in which team interactions are constrained to provide new coordination experiences during task acquisition. These two approaches, and a more traditional procedural approach, are compared. Method: Assigned to three training conditions were 26 teams. Teams flew nine simulated uninhabited air vehicle missions; three were critical tests of the team\u2019s ability to adapt to novel situations. Team performance, response time to novel events, and shared knowledge were measured. Results: Perturbation-trained teams significantly outperformed teams in the other conditions in two out of three critical test missions. Cross-training resulted in significant increases in shared teamwork knowledge and highest mean performance in one critical test. Procedural training led to the least adaptive teams. Conclusion: Perturbation training allows teams to match coordination variability during training to demands for coordination variability during posttraining performance. Although cross-training has adaptive benefits, it is suggested that process-oriented approaches, such as perturbation training, can lead to more adaptive teams. Application: Perturbation training is amenable to simulation-based training, where perturbations provide interaction experiences that teams can transfer to novel, real-world situations. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720810371689","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,24]],"date-time":"2010-07-24T02:49:41Z","timestamp":1279939781000},"page":"295-307","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":152,"title":["Training Adaptive Teams"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Jamie C.","family":"Gorman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Arizona State University\u2013Polytechnic, Mesa, Arizona,"}]},{"given":"Nancy J.","family":"Cooke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arizona State University\u2013Polytechnic, Mesa, Arizona"}]},{"given":"Polemnia G.","family":"Amazeen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bjork, R.A. 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Hedge, K. Brookhuis , E. Salas & H. Hendrick (Eds.), Handbook of Human Factors and Ergonomics Methods (pp. 46-41-46-46). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.","DOI":"10.1201\/9780203489925.ch46"},{"key":"atypb13","unstructured":"Dorsey, D., Russell, S., Keil, C., Campbell, G., Van Buskirk, W. & Schuck, P. ( 2009). Measuring teams in action: Automated performance measurement and feedback in simulation-based training. In E. Salas, G. F. Goodwin, & C. S. Burke (Eds.), Team effectiveness in complex organizations: Cross-disciplinary perspectives and approaches (pp. 351-381). New York, NY: Taylor and Francis."},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/001872099779591196"},{"key":"atypb15","unstructured":"Fiore, S.M., Salas, E. & Cannon-Bowers, J.A. (2001). Group dynamics and shared mental model development. In M. London (Ed.), How people evaluate others in organizations (pp. 309- 336). 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