{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T06:22:11Z","timestamp":1789885331571,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,3]],"date-time":"2011-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1317600000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hum Factors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Objective: The aim of the study was to clarify how knowledge elaborated by specific experience may lead to erroneous expectations during interactions between drivers and riders. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Background: Situation awareness is partly determined by prior knowledge. Unshared knowledge may cause difficulties in managing driving interactions, but there is still an important gap in the literature devoted to this field of research. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Method: There were 226 participants, distinguished according to their vehicle use (for drivers, type of vehicle driven and whether they were exclusive or dual drivers; for motorcycle and scooter riders, the type of powered two-wheeler [PTW] used and its engine size) and their driving experience. Focusing on the most vulnerable users, we studied prior representations to interactions using a series of closed questions on drivers\u2019 performance relating to different stages of the interaction process from the perspective both of drivers\u2019 self-reflection and of riders\u2019 expectations. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Results: Although most drivers are self-confident, their abilities tend to be questioned by riders. Owners of medium or large motorbikes feel that drivers do not assess their approach speed accurately. Similarly, scooter riders doubt drivers\u2019 ability to assess the distance that separates them from PTWs. Riders who use medium or large motorbikes are more likely to question drivers\u2019 skills in relation to crossing situations. Scooter riders do so more often for overtaking situations. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Conclusion: The development of shared prior knowledge is essential to prevent accidents and incidents between drivers and riders. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Application: To help improve effectiveness, we re-commend specific ways of embedding each type of road user profile in training, prevention, and research. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720811420841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,4]],"date-time":"2011-10-04T04:54:10Z","timestamp":1317704050000},"page":"687-702","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A Contribution to Situation Awareness Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Christophe","family":"Mundut\u00e9guy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est\u2013IFSTTAR (French Institute of Science and Technology for Transport, Development, and Networks), Noisy-le-Grand, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Ragot-Court","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IFSTTAR, Salon-de-Provence, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0018720811420841","first-page":"613","volume-title":"Human factors in traffic safety","author":"Caird J. 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Retrieved from http:\/\/www2.securiteroutiere.gouv.fr\/ressources\/bilan\/2009\/sources\/index.htm"},{"key":"bibr17-0018720811420841","author":"Ragot-Court I.","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"key":"bibr18-0018720811420841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-4575(85)90020-X"},{"key":"bibr19-0018720811420841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/001872095779049444"},{"key":"bibr20-0018720811420841","volume-title":"Accidents involving motorized two-wheel drivers: An in-depth analysis","author":"Van Elslande P."},{"key":"bibr21-0018720811420841","first-page":"72","volume-title":"Gisements de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re: Les deux-roues \u00e0 moteur","author":"Van Elslande P.","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr22-0018720811420841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001872087601800506"},{"key":"bibr23-0018720811420841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-4575(79)90005-8"},{"key":"bibr24-0018720811420841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4375(89)90025-X"}],"container-title":["Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0018720811420841","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0018720811420841","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0018720811420841","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T04:11:38Z","timestamp":1741061498000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0018720811420841"}},"subtitle":["Understanding How Mismatched Expectations Affect Road Safety"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,3]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0018720811420841"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0018720811420841","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-7208","type":"print"},{"value":"1547-8181","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,3]]}}}