{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T20:49:40Z","timestamp":1777668580544,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,8]],"date-time":"2013-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375920000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hum Factors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two studies were conducted to develop an understanding of factors that drive user expectations when navigating between discrete elements on a display via a limited degree-of-freedom cursor control device.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle spacecraft, a free-floating cursor with a graphical user interface (GUI) would require an unachievable level of accuracy due to expected acceleration and vibration conditions during dynamic phases of flight. Therefore, Orion program proposed using a \u201ccaged\u201d cursor to \u201cjump\u201d from one controllable element (node) on the GUI to another. However, nodes are not likely to be arranged on a rectilinear grid, and so movements between nodes are not obvious.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Proximity between nodes, direction of nodes relative to each other, and context features may all contribute to user cursor movement expectations. In an initial study, we examined user expectations based on the nodes themselves. In a second study, we examined the effect of context features on user expectations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The studies established that perceptual grouping effects influence expectations to varying degrees. Based on these results, a simple rule set was developed to support users in building a straightforward mental model that closely matches their natural expectations for cursor movement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results will help designers of display formats take advantage of the natural context-driven cursor movement expectations of users to reduce navigation errors, increase usability, and decrease access time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Application:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The rules set and guidelines tie theory to practice and can be applied in environments where vibration or acceleration are significant, including spacecraft, aircraft, and automobiles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720813500692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,8]],"date-time":"2013-08-08T21:52:29Z","timestamp":1375998749000},"page":"535-552","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Perceptual Grouping Effects on Cursor Movement Expectations"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Michael C.","family":"Dorneich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa"},{"name":"Honeywell Laboratories, Golden Valley, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher J.","family":"Hamblin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Honeywell Laboratories, Olathe, Kansas"},{"name":"Honeywell Laboratories, Golden Valley, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeff A.","family":"Lancaster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Honeywell Laboratories, Golden Valley, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olu","family":"Olofinboba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Honeywell Laboratories, Golden Valley, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0018720813500692","unstructured":"Adelstein B. D., Beutter B. R., Kaiser M. K., McCann R. S., Stone L. S., Anderson M. R., Renema F., Paloski W. H. (2008). Influence of combined whole-body vibration plus G-loading on visual performance. Washington, DC: NASA Human Research Program. Retrieved from http:\/\/humansystems.arc.nasa.gov\/groups\/isis\/publications\/Readability_Vibration_Report_20081113.pdf"},{"key":"bibr2-0018720813500692","unstructured":"Boyer J., Hamblin C. J., Holden T. (2008). Orion cursor control device glove box evaluation. Unpublished report, NASA, Washington, DC."},{"key":"bibr3-0018720813500692","unstructured":"Boyer J., Hamblin C. J., Holden T. (2009). Usability and workload evaluation: A rocker switch and a four-way castle switch. Unpublished report, NASA, Washington, DC."},{"key":"bibr4-0018720813500692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154193121005401302"},{"key":"bibr5-0018720813500692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/11496-000"},{"key":"bibr6-0018720813500692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0055392"},{"key":"bibr7-0018720813500692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0045689"},{"key":"bibr8-0018720813500692","unstructured":"Hamblin C. J., Boyer J., Holden T. (2008). Orion cursor control device functional evaluation. Unpublished report, NASA, Washington, DC."},{"key":"bibr9-0018720813500692","volume-title":"Paper presented at the Third IEEE Computer Society Workshop on Perceptual Organization in Computer Vision (POCV 01)","author":"Iqbal Q.","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr10-0018720813500692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0072422"},{"key":"bibr11-0018720813500692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.1995.tb00597.x"},{"key":"bibr12-0018720813500692","unstructured":"NASA. (2008). NASA\u2013Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission_pages\/constellation\/orion\/"},{"key":"bibr13-0018720813500692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03200760"},{"key":"bibr14-0018720813500692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8721.00178"},{"key":"bibr15-0018720813500692","unstructured":"Schmidt C. F. (2001). Wertheimer on organizing principles of perceptual grouping: On perceptual grouping. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.rci.rutgers.edu\/~cfs\/305_html\/Gestalt\/wertheimer2.html"},{"key":"bibr16-0018720813500692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2006.09.001"},{"key":"bibr17-0018720813500692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4249\/scholarpedia.5345"},{"key":"bibr18-0018720813500692","first-page":"207","volume-title":"The handbook of pattern recognition and computer vision","author":"Tuceryan M.","year":"1998"},{"key":"bibr19-0018720813500692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00410640"}],"container-title":["Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0018720813500692","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0018720813500692","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0018720813500692","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:50:27Z","timestamp":1777449027000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0018720813500692"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,8]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0018720813500692"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0018720813500692","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-7208","type":"print"},{"value":"1547-8181","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,8]]}}}