{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T20:51:03Z","timestamp":1777668663055,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,15]],"date-time":"2014-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1413331200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hum Factors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We assess the driving distraction potential of texting with Google Glass (Glass), a mobile wearable platform capable of receiving and sending short-message-service and other messaging formats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A known roadway danger, texting while driving has been targeted by legislation and widely banned. Supporters of Glass claim the head-mounted wearable computer is designed to deliver information without concurrent distraction. Existing literature supports the supposition that design decisions incorporated in Glass might facilitate messaging for drivers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We asked drivers in a simulator to drive and use either Glass or a smartphone-based messaging interface, then interrupted them with an emergency brake event. Both the response event and subsequent recovery were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Glass-delivered messages served to moderate but did not eliminate distracting cognitive demands. A potential passive cost to drivers merely wearing Glass was also observed. Messaging using either device impaired driving as compared to driving without multitasking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Glass in not a panacea as some supporters claim, but it does point the way to design interventions that effect reduced load in multitasking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Application:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Discussions of these identified benefits are framed within the potential of new in-vehicle systems that bring both novel forms of distraction and tools for mitigation into the driver\u2019s seat.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720814555723","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,15]],"date-time":"2014-10-15T23:06:03Z","timestamp":1413414363000},"page":"1307-1321","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Google Glass"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Ben D.","family":"Sawyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Central Florida, Orlando"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victor S.","family":"Finomore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andres A.","family":"Calvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ball Aerospace, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. A.","family":"Hancock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Central Florida, Orlando"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0018720814555723","volume-title":"The architecture of cognition","author":"Anderson J. 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Washington, DC: Headquarters, Department of the Army."},{"key":"bibr10-0018720814555723","volume-title":"Costs and benefits of head up displays: An attention perspective and a metaanalysis","author":"Fadden S.","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr11-0018720814555723","volume-title":"Cognitive issues in head-up displays","author":"Fischer E.","year":"1980"},{"key":"bibr12-0018720814555723","volume-title":"The impact of hand-held and hands-free cell smartphone use on driving performance and safety-critical event risk","author":"Fitch G. A.","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr13-0018720814555723","volume-title":"Human performance","author":"Fitts P. M.","year":"1967"},{"key":"bibr14-0018720814555723","volume-title":"Effects of automobile head-up display location for younger and older drivers","author":"Flannagan M. J.","year":"1994"},{"key":"bibr15-0018720814555723","unstructured":"Frequently asked questions for eyecare professionals interested in Glass. (2014). 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