{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T20:53:01Z","timestamp":1777668781445,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,10]],"date-time":"2016-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468108800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hum Factors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this study was to examine the potential benefits and impact on pilot behavior from the use of portable weather applications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seventy general aviation (GA) pilots participated in the study. Each pilot was randomly assigned to an experimental or a control group and flew a simulated single-engine GA aircraft, initially under visual meteorological conditions (VMC). The experimental group was equipped with a portable weather application during flight. We recorded measures for weather situation awareness (WSA), decision making, cognitive engagement, and distance from the aircraft to hazardous weather.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found positive effects from the use of the portable weather application, with an increased WSA for the experimental group, which resulted in credibly larger route deviations and credibly greater distances to hazardous weather (\u226530 dBZ cells) compared with the control group. Nevertheless, both groups flew less than 20 statute miles from hazardous weather cells, thus failing to follow current weather-avoidance guidelines. We also found a credibly higher cognitive engagement (prefrontal oxygenation levels) for the experimental group, possibly reflecting increased flight planning and decision making on the part of the pilots.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, the study outcome supports our hypothesis that portable weather displays can be used without degrading pilot performance on safety-related flight tasks, actions, and decisions as measured within the constraints of the present study. However, it also shows that an increased WSA does not automatically translate to enhanced flight behavior.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Application:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study outcome contributes to our knowledge of the effect of portable weather applications on pilot behavior and decision making.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720816641783","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,21]],"date-time":"2016-04-21T01:44:50Z","timestamp":1461203090000},"page":"864-885","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Portable Weather Applications for General Aviation Pilots"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Ulf","family":"Ahlstrom","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Aviation Administration, Atlantic City International Airport, New Jersey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Ohneiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Aerospace Center, Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eamon","family":"Caddigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TG O\u2019Brien &amp; Associates, Inc., Westcliffe, Colorado"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1027\/2192-0923\/a000070"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ergon.2015.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","volume-title":"The effect of weather state-change notifications on general aviation pilots\u2019 behavior, cognitive engagement, and weather situation awareness (DOT\/FAA\/TC-15\/64)","author":"Ahlstrom U.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ahlstrom U., Caddigan E., Schulz K., Ohneiser O., Bastholm R., Dworsky M. 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