{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T06:25:34Z","timestamp":1772000734022,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]],"date-time":"2017-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hum Factors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p> We implemented a gaze-contingent useful field of view paradigm to examine older adult multitasking performance in a simulated driving environment. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p> Multitasking refers to the ability to manage multiple simultaneous streams of information. Recent work suggests that multitasking declines with age, yet the mechanisms supporting these declines are still debated. One possible framework to better understand this phenomenon is the useful field of view, or the area in the visual field where information can be attended and processed. In particular, the useful field of view allows for the discrimination of two competing theories of real-time multitasking, a general interference account and a tunneling account. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p> Twenty-five older adult subjects completed a useful field of view task that involved discriminating the orientation of lines in gaze-contingent Gabor patches appearing at varying eccentricities (based on distance from the fovea) as they operated a vehicle in a driving simulator. In half of the driving scenarios, subjects also completed an auditory two-back task to manipulate cognitive workload, and during some trials, wind was introduced as a means to alter general driving difficulty. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p> Consistent with prior work, indices of driving performance were sensitive to both wind and workload. Interestingly, we also observed a decline in Gabor patch discrimination accuracy under high cognitive workload regardless of eccentricity, which provides support for a general interference account of multitasking. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p> The results showed that our gaze-contingent useful field of view paradigm was able to successfully examine older adult multitasking performance in a simulated driving environment. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Application<\/jats:title><jats:p> This study represents the first attempt to successfully measure dynamic changes in the useful field of view for older adults completing a multitasking scenario involving driving. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720817745894","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,16]],"date-time":"2017-12-16T06:44:27Z","timestamp":1513406667000},"page":"236-247","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Older Adult Multitasking Performance Using a Gaze-Contingent Useful Field of View"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Nathan","family":"Ward","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts"}]},{"given":"John G.","family":"Gaspar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Iowa, Iowa City"},{"name":"Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts"}]},{"given":"Mark B.","family":"Neider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Crowell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Carbonari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts"}]},{"given":"Hank","family":"Kaczmarski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana"},{"name":"Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts"}]},{"given":"Ryan V.","family":"Ringer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kansas State University, Manhattan"},{"name":"Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts"}]},{"given":"Aaron P.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Concordia University, Montreal, Canada"},{"name":"Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts"}]},{"given":"Lester C.","family":"Loschky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kansas State University"},{"name":"Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts"}]},{"given":"Arthur F.","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720810391215"},{"key":"bibr2-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.5.002210"},{"key":"bibr3-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/PBR.17.1.15"},{"key":"bibr4-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0028428"},{"key":"bibr5-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3141\/2185-02"},{"key":"bibr6-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(02)00039-1"},{"key":"bibr7-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(00)00024-9"},{"key":"bibr8-0018720817745894","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). Injury prevention & control. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/injury\/wisqars\/index.html"},{"key":"bibr9-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720813480177"},{"key":"bibr10-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/p281075"},{"key":"bibr11-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acp.806"},{"key":"bibr12-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3576186"},{"key":"bibr13-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2015.09.005"},{"key":"bibr14-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03211502"},{"key":"bibr15-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gaspar J. G., Carbonari R., Kaczmarski H., Kramer A. F. (2015). Characterizing the effect of videophone conversations on intersection driving performance. Retrieved from http:\/\/drivingassessment.uiowa.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/DA2015\/papers\/003.pdf","DOI":"10.17077\/drivingassessment.1544"},{"key":"bibr16-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720816642092"},{"key":"bibr17-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/713756679"},{"key":"bibr18-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2013.00101"},{"key":"bibr19-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1539-6053.2009.01034.x"},{"key":"bibr20-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.40.4.545"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr21-0018720817745894","first-page":"255","volume":"8","author":"Jahn G.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Transportation Research. Part E, Logistics and Transportation Review"},{"key":"bibr22-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(98)00285-5"},{"key":"bibr23-0018720817745894","first-page":"189","volume-title":"The handbook of aging and cognition","author":"Kramer A. F.","year":"2008","edition":"3"},{"key":"bibr24-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03343023"},{"key":"bibr25-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/hfes.46.3.424.50394"},{"key":"bibr26-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0035097"},{"key":"bibr27-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/001872008X250656"},{"key":"bibr28-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/089892902317205357"},{"key":"bibr29-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0021566"},{"key":"bibr30-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03196143"},{"key":"bibr31-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3141\/2138-03"},{"key":"bibr32-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720812437274"},{"key":"bibr33-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2005.03.016"},{"key":"bibr34-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2578153.2578160"},{"key":"bibr35-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/16.2.7"},{"key":"bibr36-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720809352654"},{"key":"bibr37-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17077\/drivingassessment.1303"},{"key":"bibr38-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2008.09.023"},{"key":"bibr39-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0054402"},{"key":"bibr40-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(95)00288-X"},{"key":"bibr41-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154193121005402408"},{"key":"bibr42-0018720817745894","volume-title":"Paper presented at the AVEC12\u2014The 11th International Symposium on Advanced Vehicle Control","author":"Son J.","year":"2012"},{"key":"bibr43-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/11.5.13"},{"key":"bibr44-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720815575149"},{"key":"bibr45-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2012.00039"},{"key":"bibr46-0018720817745894","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Transportation. (n.d.). Table DL-20\u2014Highway statistics 2015. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.fhwa.dot.gov\/policyinformation\/statistics\/2015\/dl20.cfm"},{"key":"bibr47-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(84)90041-5"},{"key":"bibr48-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0882-7974.18.3.443"},{"key":"bibr49-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1422833"},{"key":"bibr50-0018720817745894","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3141\/2602-02"}],"container-title":["Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0018720817745894","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0018720817745894","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0018720817745894","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T13:04:20Z","timestamp":1740834260000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0018720817745894"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0018720817745894"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0018720817745894","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-7208","type":"print"},{"value":"1547-8181","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]]}}}