{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,14]],"date-time":"2026-06-14T04:50:53Z","timestamp":1781412653606,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,3]],"date-time":"2020-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591142400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licences\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hum Factors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of augmented feedback on participants\u2019 workload, performance, and distribution of visual attention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An important question in human\u2013machine interface design is whether the operator should be provided with direct solutions. We focused on the solution space diagram (SSD), a type of augmented feedback that shows directly whether two aircraft are on conflicting trajectories.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One group of novices ( n = 13) completed conflict detection tasks with SSD, whereas a second group ( n = 11) performed the same tasks without SSD. Eye-tracking was used to measure visual attention distribution.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mean self-reported task difficulty was substantially lower for the SSD group compared to the No-SSD group. The SSD group had a better conflict detection rate than the No-SSD group, whereas false-positive rates were equivalent. High false-positive rates for some scenarios were attributed to participants who misunderstood the SSD. Compared to the No-SSD group, the SSD group spent a large proportion of their time looking at the SSD aircraft while looking less at other areas of interest.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Augmented feedback makes the task subjectively easier but has side effects related to visual tunneling and misunderstanding.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Application<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Caution should be exercised when human operators are expected to reproduce task solutions that are provided by augmented visual feedback.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720820924602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,3]],"date-time":"2020-06-03T06:09:12Z","timestamp":1591164552000},"page":"1156-1168","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Augmented Visual Feedback: Cure or Distraction?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Yke Bauke","family":"Eisma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clark","family":"Borst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9 van","family":"Paassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1281-8200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joost de","family":"Winter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0018720820924602","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trf.2019.05.008"},{"key":"bibr3-0018720820924602","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ifacol.2016.10.560"},{"key":"bibr4-0018720820924602","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/THMS.2019.2919742"},{"key":"bibr5-0018720820924602","volume-title":"23rd IEEE Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), Salt Lake City, UT,","author":"Ehrmanntraut R","year":"2004"},{"key":"bibr6-0018720820924602","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/THMS.2018.2806200"},{"key":"bibr7-0018720820924602","volume-title":"Attention distribution while detecting conflicts between converging objects: An eye-tracking study.","author":"Eisma Y. 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