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In these settings, the requirement exists to assess cognitive and emotional state \u201cat a distance\u201d and without interfering with ongoing performance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We describe a lexical approach to assessing stress effects from ongoing or spontaneous verbal output. This approach is examined in a spaceflight analog setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We assess stress effects in terms of five core dimensions and develop lexical indicators of these core stress dimensions and relevant sub-facets. We establish the proof-of-concept of this approach by presenting representative data from a spaceflight analog.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This approach provides an unobtrusive means to evaluate ongoing task communications at the individual and team level in order to assess cognitive\/emotional states such as workload, negative affect, attentional focus, anxiety, and team orientation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Application<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There are many high-demand settings in which it is valuable to monitor the potential negative effects of stress on operational personnel. These environments include spaceflight, the military, aviation, law enforcement, and medicine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00187208211045167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T22:09:58Z","timestamp":1632780598000},"page":"1105-1129","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A Lexical Approach to Assessing Stress: Development and Proof-of-Concept"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Tripp","family":"Driskell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida Maxima Corporation, Orlando, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Salas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. 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