{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T17:32:15Z","timestamp":1778607135394,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021570","name":"Ministerie van Defensie","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["V1917 5th gen stressors"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["V1917 5th gen stressors"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021570","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hum Factors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Previous research has shown that experiencing motion stimuli negatively impacts cognitive performance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the current study, we investigate whether this impact relates to Type-II spatial disorientation (SD), to motion stimulus magnitude, or to an interaction of these factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Stimuli for participants (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 23) consisted of Earth-vertical yaw rotations on a rotating chair in a completely darkened room. In the surprise condition, the stimulus started with subthreshold acceleration, followed by suprathreshold deceleration to a non-zero velocity, inducing a sensation of rotation that is opposite to the actual rotation revealed when the lights were switched on. In the no-surprise condition, the same changes in velocity were used, but starting from (almost) zero velocity, which induced a sensation of rotation in the same direction as the actual rotation. Participants performed a self-paced arithmetic task and measurement of their cognitive performance started after the environment was revealed. Stimulus magnitude was operationalized through higher or lower peak suprathreshold deceleration.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results revealed that counting speed decreased significantly when participants were surprised, constituting a large effect size. The proportion of counting errors likewise increased significantly when participants were surprised, but only in the high-magnitude condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Application<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings suggest that surprise caused by the recognition of SD has an involuntary disruptive effect on cognition, which may impact performance of piloting tasks. These results are relevant when modeling motion stimuli effects on performance, and when developing SD awareness training for pilots.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00187208221103931","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:13:02Z","timestamp":1654042382000},"page":"377-388","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Orientation Comes First: Becoming Aware of Spatial Disorientation Interferes with Cognitive Performance"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3678-9210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annemarie","family":"Landman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"TNO, Soesterberg, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Kalogeras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Utrecht University, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Houben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TNO, Soesterberg, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric L.","family":"Groen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TNO, Soesterberg, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Cranfield University, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/1.G002815"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","first-page":"433","volume-title":"Ernsting\u2019s aviation medicine","author":"Benson A. J.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Benson A. J., Stott J. R. (2006). Spatial disorientation in flight. In Ernsting\u2019s aviation medicine (4th ed., pp. 433\u2013458). Edward Arnold Ltd.","edition":"4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9450.1980.tb00358.x"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","first-page":"1111","article-title":"Motion sickness symptoms in a ship motion simulator: Effects of inside, outside, and no view","volume":"76","author":"Bos J. E.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bos J. E., MacKinnon S. N., Patterson A. (2005). Motion sickness symptoms in a ship motion simulator: Effects of inside, outside, and no view. Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 76(12), 1111\u20131118.","journal-title":"Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2014.04.203"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-1992-2404"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3357\/ASEM.2732.2010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2008.03744.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3357\/ASEM.2143.2008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1948.sp004243"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","first-page":"148","article-title":"Head movement measurements in relation to spatial disorientation and vestibular stimulation","volume":"27","author":"Johnson W. H.","year":"1956","unstructured":"Johnson W. H. (1956). Head movement measurements in relation to spatial disorientation and vestibular stimulation. The Journal of Aviation Medicine, 27(2), 148\u2013152.","journal-title":"The Journal of Aviation Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720817723428"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/24721840.2020.1763798"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3357\/AMHP.5277.2019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024422330338"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"A new tool for analyzing the potential influence of vestibular illusions","volume":"49","author":"Mumaw R. J.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mumaw R. J., Groen E., Fucke L., Anderson R., Bos J., Houben M. (2016). A new tool for analyzing the potential influence of vestibular illusions. ISASI Forum, 49(1), 6\u201312.","journal-title":"ISASI Forum"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3357\/AMHP.5442.2020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3357\/AMHP.5446.2020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3357\/ASEM.3971.2014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/4.866708"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lindif.2009.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-2004-14604"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_1","volume-title":"RTO HFM symposium on spatial disorientation in military vehicles: Causes, consequences and cures","author":"Sen A","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sen A, Yilmaz K, Tore HF (2002). Effects of spatial disorientation on cognitive functions. In RTO HFM symposium on spatial disorientation in military vehicles: Causes, consequences and cures. La Coruna. Paper presented at the NATO."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/24721840.2018.1486195"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00426-013-0486-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10508414.2012.689211"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(99)00024-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(01)00113-0"}],"container-title":["Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00187208221103931","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00187208221103931","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00187208221103931","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:53:20Z","timestamp":1777449200000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00187208221103931"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00187208221103931"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00187208221103931","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-7208","type":"print"},{"value":"1547-8181","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]]}}}