{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T21:09:36Z","timestamp":1777669776575,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,4]],"date-time":"2022-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662249600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Federal Office of Civil Aviation (FOCA) Switzerland","award":["2016-014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016-014"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hum Factors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to analyze effective teamwork at security checkpoints by investigating how security crews communicate in different (routine and threat) situations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Working at an airport security screening checkpoint is challenging. Although tasks and processes are highly regulated and standardized due to legal requirements, security screeners must be trained to deal with unforeseen threat situations involving high levels of uncertainty. Therefore, security crews need to engage in flexible and adaptive coordination according to the situation and circumstances.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a field study with 20 airport security screening crews comprising 100 security screeners. Teamwork in terms of interaction between crew members was measured, differentiating between proactive \u201cpush\u201d communication and information on request representing \u201cpull\u201d communication. Furthermore, non-task related communication was assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While crews showed non-task related communication more in routine situations, both task-related \u201cpush\u201d and \u201cpull\u201d communication occurred more in threat situations. In terms of team performance, we could show significant positive effects of proactive \u201cpush\u201d communication and non-task related interaction in threat situations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results underscore the specific setting of airport security screening and the challenges that arise for teamwork. This study investigates professional screeners and passengers in the field. In contrast to other high-risk areas, security crews are confronted with a third party that complicates coordination strategies considered effective in previous studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Application<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings recommend situation-specific communication strategies for practical training for airport security screening crews.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00187208221121411","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,4]],"date-time":"2022-09-04T03:18:35Z","timestamp":1662261515000},"page":"1302-1314","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A Safety Approach for Improving Security - Effective Coordination Strategies at the Airport Security Screening Checkpoint"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1915-0151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie","family":"Walter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Development, Zurich State Police, Zurich, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Management, Technology and Economics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0181-807X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan B.","family":"Schmutz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ETH Zurich, Department of Management, Technology and Economics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gudela","family":"Grote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ETH Zurich, Department of Management, Technology and Economics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00187208221121411","volume-title":"Interaction process analysis: A method for the study of small groups","author":"Bales R. 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