{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T22:52:55Z","timestamp":1787611975900,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]],"date-time":"2022-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669334400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000155","name":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hum Factors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The number of accidents due to distracted pedestrian is on the rise and many governments and institutions are enacting public policies which restrict texting while walking. However, pedestrians do more than just texting when they use their mobile devices on the go.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exploring pedestrian multitasking, this paper aims to examine the effects of mobile device task type on pedestrian performance outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed two studies in lab simulations where 78 participants were asked to perform different tasks on a mobile device (playing a game, reading, writing an email, texting one person, group texting) while performing a pedestrian visual discrimination task while either standing or walking on a treadmill. Behavioral performance as well as neurophysiological data are collected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Results show that compared to a no-phone control, multitasking with any of the tasks on a mobile device leads to poor performance on a pedestrian visual discrimination task. Playing a game is the most cognitively demanding task and leads to the greatest performance degradation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our studies show that multitasking with a mobile device has the potential to negatively impact pedestrian safety, regardless of task type. However, the impacts of different mobile device tasks are not all equivalent. More research is needed to tease out the different effects of these various tasks and to design mobile applications which effectively and safely capture pedestrians\u2019 attention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Application<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Public policy, infrastructure, and smart technologies can be used to mitigate the negative effects of mobile multitasking. A more thorough understanding of mobile device task-specific factors at play can help tailor these counter-measures to better aid distracted pedestrians.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00187208221141175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]],"date-time":"2022-11-25T06:38:11Z","timestamp":1669358291000},"page":"1068-1080","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["What\u2019s that on Your Phone? Effects of Mobile Device Task Type on Pedestrian Performance"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Elise","family":"Labonte-LeMoyne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"HEC Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, Qc, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann-Frances","family":"Cameron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HEC Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, Qc, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvain","family":"S\u00e9n\u00e9cal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HEC Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, Qc, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Fredette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HEC Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, Qc, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jocelyn","family":"Faubert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franco","family":"Lepore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre-Majorique","family":"L\u00e9ger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HEC Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3250951"},{"key":"bibr2-00187208221141175","first-page":"421","volume-title":"Attention and performance series. Attention and performance 15: Conscious and nonconscious information processing","author":"Allport D. A.","year":"1994"},{"key":"bibr3-00187208221141175","volume-title":"Insights 2019 - App & social media usage","author":"AudienceProject","year":"2019"},{"key":"bibr4-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720815609501"},{"key":"bibr5-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.6596"},{"key":"bibr6-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2014.02.010"},{"key":"bibr7-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jth.2020.100920"},{"key":"bibr8-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2014.00376","volume":"8","author":"Bulea T. C.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neuroscience"},{"key":"bibr9-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14474\/ptrs.2015.4.1.32"},{"key":"bibr10-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2019.2930186"},{"issue":"11","key":"bibr11-00187208221141175","first-page":"28","volume":"62","author":"Cohen B. J.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Profession Safety"},{"key":"bibr12-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2019.02.022"},{"key":"bibr13-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2003.10.009"},{"key":"bibr14-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2018.00097"},{"key":"bibr15-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11948-001-0044-4"},{"key":"bibr16-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2006.07.001"},{"key":"bibr17-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-3445.135.1.103"},{"key":"bibr18-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/001872006776412135"},{"key":"bibr19-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(95)00040-6"},{"key":"bibr20-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/13\/2\/026013"},{"key":"bibr21-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.21199"},{"key":"bibr22-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105909"},{"key":"bibr23-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2012.10.007"},{"key":"bibr24-00187208221141175","volume-title":"Google Patents","author":"Kothe C. A. E.","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr51-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/i0485"},{"key":"bibr25-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acp.2846"},{"key":"bibr50-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/hfes.46.2.334.37345"},{"key":"bibr26-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2013.6609968"},{"key":"bibr27-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2007.04.005"},{"key":"bibr28-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2013.03.021"},{"key":"bibr29-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/559450"},{"key":"bibr30-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trf.2020.07.007"},{"key":"bibr31-00187208221141175","first-page":"626","volume-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","volume":"9950","author":"Perera H.","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr32-00187208221141175","first-page":"354","volume-title":"HCI in Business, Government and Organizations","author":"Pourchon R.","year":"2017"},{"key":"bibr33-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwaa164"},{"key":"bibr34-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15389588.2020.1770741"},{"key":"bibr35-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0361198118759949"},{"key":"bibr36-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20150"},{"key":"bibr37-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.07.011"},{"key":"bibr38-00187208221141175","unstructured":"Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de l\u2019assurance automobile du Qu\u00e9bec. (2017). 2016 Road safety record."},{"key":"bibr39-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.09.007"},{"key":"bibr40-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tams S., Grover V., Thatcher J., Ahuja M. (2021). Grappling with modern technology: interruptions mediated by mobile devices impact older workers disproportionately (pp. 1\u201321). Information Systems and e-Business Management.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10257-021-00526-3"},{"key":"bibr41-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/injuryprev-2012-040601"},{"key":"bibr42-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/p3072"},{"key":"bibr49-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5817\/CP2013-3-2"},{"key":"bibr44-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195188370.003.0014"},{"key":"bibr45-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/001872008X288394"},{"key":"bibr46-00187208221141175","volume-title":"Engineering psychology and human performance","author":"Wickens C. D.","year":"2022","edition":"5"},{"key":"bibr47-00187208221141175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10508410902766549"}],"container-title":["Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00187208221141175","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00187208221141175","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00187208221141175","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:53:49Z","timestamp":1777449229000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00187208221141175"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00187208221141175"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00187208221141175","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-7208","type":"print"},{"value":"1547-8181","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]]}}}