{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T21:09:04Z","timestamp":1777669744549,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]],"date-time":"2023-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699920000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hum Factors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As the world increasingly adopts renewable and sustainable energy systems, transitionary solutions include nuclear power, which currently provides 20% of the United States\u2019 electricity and is the largest single source of carbon-free electricity generation. Advanced reactors are a critical component of a carbon-free mixed energy portfolio that require careful design of first-of-a-kind control rooms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The application of Human Factors Engineering (HFE) is essential for scientific and iterative testing of novel human\u2013system interface (HSI) concepts to ensure effective, efficient, and safe plant operations. Microworlds are simulators that use simplified physics models and control systems to distill nuclear power operations into essential functions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HFE scientists used the Rancor Microworld Simulator to obtain preference and performance metrics for novel and traditional static HSI design styles. Participants comprised advanced reactor company employees and nuclear industry consultants. A mixture of quantitative and qualitative data was captured.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There was a preference for the basic graphical style that included high contrast and traditional color scheme elements. No single HSI design outperformed the others, and the participants did not perform better using their preferred HSI style.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This experiment is the first in a series of HFE testing for HSIs in advanced reactor control room development. Clear user preferences emerged for elements within static displays. The cutting-edge neumorphic style was the least preferred. Future directions include tests of dynamic displays.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Application<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HFE is used in evaluating and designing HSI devices that will improve the efficiency and safety of advanced nuclear power operations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00187208231209148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]],"date-time":"2023-11-14T03:38:06Z","timestamp":1699933086000},"page":"1276-1288","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Visual Style Elements in Human\u2013System Interface Design for Nuclear Power Operations: Does Style Affect Performance and Preference?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Hall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Idaho National Laboratory"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clara","family":"Alivisatos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cyber-Physical Systems, Kairos Power"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas A.","family":"Ulrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Idaho National Laboratory"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Lew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Idaho"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronald L.","family":"Boring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Idaho National Laboratory"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Poresky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cyber-Physical Systems, Kairos Power"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b10774"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boring R. Lew R. Ulrich T. (2017). Advanced nuclear interface modeling environment (ANIME): A tool for developing human-computer interfaces for experimental process control systems. In HCI in Business Government and Organizations. Interacting withInformation Systems: 4th International Conference HCIBGO 2017 Held as Part of HCI International 2017 Vancouver BC Canada July 9\u201314 2017 Proceedings Part I4 (pp. 3\u201315). Springer International Publishing. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-39952-2_15.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-58481-2_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","first-page":"145","volume-title":"Foundations of Augmented Cognition: Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience","author":"Boring R.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Boring R., Ulrich T., Lew R. (2016). RevealFlow: A process control visualization framework. In Foundations of Augmented Cognition: Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience: 10th International Conference, AC 2016, Held as Part of HCI International 2016, Toronto, ON, Canada, July 17-22, 2016, Proceedings, Part II10 (pp. 145\u2013156). Springer International Publishing."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-94391-6_12"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1541931214581478"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-80624-8_62"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5516\/NET.2009.41.3.215"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","article-title":"Neumorphism: What it is and why it\u2019s all the hype","author":"Costa R.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Costa R. (2020, April 14). Neumorphism: What it is and why it\u2019s all the hype. Justinmind. https:\/\/www.justinmind.com\/blog\/neumorphism-ui\/","journal-title":"Justinmind"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","article-title":"High-performance HMI -Are we going back to black and white?","author":"DeRubis G.","year":"2018","unstructured":"DeRubis G. (2018, August 23). High-performance HMI -Are we going back to black and white? Automation World. https:\/\/www.automationworld.com\/products\/control\/blog\/13319001\/highperformance-graphicsare-we-going-back-to-black-and-white","journal-title":"Automation World"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1541931213571302"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/AOP.5.000456"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","article-title":"Neumorphism - The hottest design trend in 2020","author":"Gyawali Y.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gyawali Y. (2020, June 23). Neumorphism - The hottest design trend in 2020. UX Planet. https:\/\/uxplanet.org\/neomorphism-the-hottest-design-trend-in-2020-8bd65de77a5e","journal-title":"UX Planet"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","volume-title":"The high performance HMI handbook: A comprehensive guide to designing, implementing and maintaining effective HMIs for industrial plant operations","author":"Hollifield B. R.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hollifield B. R., Oliver D., Nimmo I., Habibi E. (2008). The high performance HMI handbook: A comprehensive guide to designing, implementing and maintaining effective HMIs for industrial plant operations. Plant Automation Services."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hossain A. Zaman T. (2012). HMI design: An analysis of a good display for seamless integration between user understanding and automatic controls [Paper presentation]. ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition San Antonio Texas.","DOI":"10.18260\/1-2--21454"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/782155459"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","volume-title":"Advanced 3D HMI SCADA Visualization","author":"ICONICS","year":"2015","unstructured":"ICONICS. (2015). (rep.). Advanced 3D HMI SCADA Visualization."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","article-title":"Neumorphism in user interfaces","author":"Malewicz M.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Malewicz M. (2019, December 16). Neumorphism in user interfaces. UXDesign. https:\/\/uxdesign.cc\/neumorphism-in-user-interfaces-b47cef3bf3a6","journal-title":"UXDesign"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/175276.175282"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_1","volume-title":"Control room design guide","author":"Nimmo I.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nimmo I., Maddox S., Heil C. (2016). Control room design guide. Independently published."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_1","unstructured":"O\u2019Hara J. Higgins J. Fleger S. (2012). Human factors engineering program review model (NUREG-0711) Revision 3: Update methodology and key revisions. In Proceedings of 8th international topical meeting on nuclear plant instrumentation and control and human-machine interface technologies NPIC & HMIT 2012. San Diego CA July 22\u201326 2012."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_1","unstructured":"O'Hara J. M. Fleger S. (2020). Human-system interface design review guidelines (NUREG-0700) No. BNL-216211-2020-FORE). Brookhaven National Lab.(BNL) Upton NY (United States)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03200423"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anucene.2022.109502"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mde.979"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_1","volume-title":"Mental models and the control of actions in complex environments","author":"Rasmussen J.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Rasmussen J. (1987). Mental models and the control of actions in complex environments. Ris\u00f8 National Laboratory."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-5765(99)00133-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/mti2020031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1541931213601582"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1727(199624)12:4<251::AID-SDR108>3.0.CO;2-S"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/0018720024494829"}],"container-title":["Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00187208231209148","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00187208231209148","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00187208231209148","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:53:59Z","timestamp":1777449239000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00187208231209148"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00187208231209148"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00187208231209148","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-7208","type":"print"},{"value":"1547-8181","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]]}}}