{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T14:15:52Z","timestamp":1780064152316,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771027200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006199","name":"Langley Research Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIA.COOP.05.202075 \u2013 202075"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIA.COOP.05.202075 \u2013 202075"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006199","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hum Factors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This experiment examined how error biases of an imperfect automated decision aid system impacted trust and dependency behaviors in a simulated drone collision avoidance task.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prior work on human-automation interaction indicates asymmetrical effects of error biases, misses, and false alarms, on compliance and reliance. Yet, it is unclear whether the effect is due to unbalanced perceptual salience of the automation errors or their trust toward the automated system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty-eight participants interacted with a drone monitoring task with the assistance of a collision avoidance aid that varied in error bias (i.e., miss-prone and false-alarm prone). Participants\u2019 automation trust ratings and dependency behaviors (i.e., compliance and reliance) were measured.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>With error biases equally salient, participants showed a similar decrease in levels of trust along multiple factors of automation trust when interacting with unreliable automation aids. Compliance rates were higher when interacting with a miss-prone system than a false-alarm prone system, whereas reliance rates showed the opposite pattern.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Error bias determines compliance and reliance behaviors systematically. Saliency-matched false alarm and miss errors by automation degrade trust, potentially undermining the development of performance-based trust.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Application<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Designers of automated systems should consider how different error types systematically affect dependency behaviors to create transparent systems that properly calibrate trust to the capability of the automation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00187208261425068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T09:32:10Z","timestamp":1771061530000},"page":"845-858","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Automation Error Bias, Trust, and Dependence Behaviors in a Simulated Drone Collision Avoidance Task"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Austin","family":"Jackson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Old Dominion University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuya","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wichita State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Glassman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Old Dominion University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Politowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Old Dominion University"},{"name":"NASA Langley Research Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric T.","family":"Chancey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NASA Langley Research Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8990-0010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yusuke","family":"Yamani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Old Dominion University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2022-3758"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","volume-title":"The logic and limits of trust","author":"Barber B.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Barber B. (1983). The logic and limits of trust. Rutgers University Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720818802961"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/001401398187323"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10648046221130171"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","volume-title":"AIAA SciTech Forum","author":"Buck B.","year":"2025","unstructured":"Buck B., Politowicz M. S., Nelson S., Chancey E. T. (2025). Preliminary development of multi-vehicle (m:N) operations with NASA Langley\u2019s Remote Vehicle Operations Center. In AIAA SciTech Forum. AIAA."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720816682648"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2021-0880"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","first-page":"293","volume-title":"Human-robot interactions in future military operations","author":"Chen J. Y.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen J. Y. (2016). Robotics operator performance in a multi-tasking environment. In Human-robot interactions in future military operations (pp. 293\u2013314). CRC Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720811435843"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00187208211009995"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/001872006778606822"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/001872007X215656"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_1","volume-title":"Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach","author":"Hayes A. F.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hayes A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Guilford."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720814547570"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_1","volume-title":"The series of plates designed as a test for colour deficiency","author":"Ishihara S.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ishihara S. (2014). The series of plates designed as a test for colour deficiency. Kanehara Trading Inc."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_1","volume-title":"Theory of probability","author":"Jeffreys H.","year":"1961","unstructured":"Jeffreys H. (1961). Theory of probability (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press.","edition":"3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327566IJCE0401_04"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1541931213601356"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00140139.2021.1909752"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00140139208967392"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/hfes.46.1.50_30392"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1071181320641440"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720811427034"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/258792"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/001872001775870395"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/hfes.46.2.196.37335"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.promfg.2015.07.509"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1076-898X.6.1.44"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00140139408964957"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/001872097778543886"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_1","unstructured":"Politowicz M. S. Chancey E. T. Yamani Y. (in preparation). Process-based trust mediates the effect of mental models on performance in a remote aircraft control task only before simulator exposure [Manuscript in preparation]. Department of Psychology Old Dominion University."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_1","volume-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2023","unstructured":"R Core Team. (2023). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.49.1.95"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3200\/GENP.136.3.303-322"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0024243"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_1","volume-title":"Human use of automation","author":"Riley V.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Riley V. (1994). Human use of automation [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. University of Minnesota."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/21695067231194333"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23880\/eoij-16000312"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720820948981"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_42_1","first-page":"001872082412637","article-title":"Multilevel confirmatory factor analysis reveals two distinct human\u2013automation trust constructs","volume":"67","author":"Yamani Y.","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yamani Y., Long S. K., Sato T., Braitman A. L., Politowicz M. S., Chancey E. T. (2024). Multilevel confirmatory factor analysis reveals two distinct human\u2013automation trust constructs. Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 67(2), Article 00187208241263774. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00187208241263774","journal-title":"Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00187208211034716"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_1","volume-title":"GameMaker: Studio","author":"YoYo Games","year":"2014","unstructured":"YoYo Games. (2014). GameMaker: Studio. [Computer Software]. https:\/\/gamemaker.io\/"}],"container-title":["Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00187208261425068","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00187208261425068","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00187208261425068","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T13:54:11Z","timestamp":1780062851000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00187208261425068"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00187208261425068"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00187208261425068","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-7208","type":"print"},{"value":"1547-8181","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]]}}}