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Guided by a dual-pathway framework, we operationalized process-based (analytical evaluation of AI recommendation correctness) and outcome-based (heuristic reliance on task outcomes) trust updating pathways. Trust dynamics and behavioral reliance were examined using linear mixed-effects models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cognitive load shifted the relative influence of the two trust updating pathways. Process-based updating was attenuated under high cognitive load, indicating reduced sensitivity to AI recommendation correctness during trust updating. Outcome-based information gained greater influence under high load, amplifying outcome-driven bias regardless of recommendation correctness. Asymmetric trust updating was evident overall, although the influence of cognitive load on this asymmetry depended on task outcomes. Overall, high cognitive load elevated both subjective trust and behavioral reliance on AI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cognitive load shapes trust calibration through mechanism-level reconfiguration rather than global impairment. By revealing how cognitive constraints rebalance dual trust pathways\u2014weakening analytic evaluation while amplifying heuristic outcome reliance\u2014this study advances theoretical understanding of dynamic trust in human\u2013AI collaboration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Application<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results provide practical guidance for the design of AI systems in high-stakes settings, highlighting the need to support analytic trust updating and mitigate over-reliance under cognitive strain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00187208261477486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T03:31:44Z","timestamp":1786678304000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["How Cognitive Load Affects Dynamic Trust Calibration in Human\u2013AI Collaboration: Evidence for Selective Pathway Effects"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Xiaojiao","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yonghan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiran","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yonghao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenxin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Astronaut Research and Training Center"},{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zaifeng","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mowei","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/s41599-024-04044-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","volume-title":"Trust and cognitive load during human-robot interaction","author":"Ahmad M. 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