{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T01:25:53Z","timestamp":1777857953264,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]],"date-time":"2020-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589414400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Health Serv"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Economic recessions can increase socioeconomic inequalities in health. The objective of this study was to analyze socioeconomic inequalities in small-for-gestational-age (SGA) births before and during the Spanish economic crisis. We conducted an ecological study of trends based on 2 periods before the crisis (1999\u20132003 and 2004\u20132008) and another during the crisis (2009\u20132013). The study population was Spanish women resident in 13 cities who had given birth during 1999\u20132013. The prevalence of SGA was calculated for each census tract. A hierarchical Bayesian model was used to obtain the prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% credible intervals (CI). We analyzed the association between SGA and socioeconomic deprivation in each period for each city and for 3 age groups. The PR was above 1 and statistically significant for all 3 time periods in most of the 13 cities. The differences in PR between periods were only statistically significant for Madrid (PR\u2009=\u20091.56, 95% CI 1.48\u20131.65 for 1999\u20132003; PR\u2009=\u20091.28, 95% CI 1.19\u20131.38 for 2004\u20132008) and Barcelona (PR\u2009=\u20090.99, 95% CI 0.87\u20131.12 for 2004\u20132008; PR\u2009=\u20091.20, 95% CI 1.05\u20131.36 for 2009\u20132013). Socioeconomic inequalities in SGA births in small areas (census tracts) of most Spanish cities studied remained stable before and during the economic crisis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0020731420923532","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]],"date-time":"2020-05-14T23:26:24Z","timestamp":1589498784000},"page":"159-167","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Socioeconomic Inequalities in Small-for-Gestational-Age Births Before and During the Economic Crisis: An Ecologic Study of Trends in 13 Spanish Cities"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda Fel\u00edcitas","family":"Dom\u00ednguez-Berj\u00f3n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Direcci\u00f3n General de Salud P\u00fablica, Consejer\u00eda de Sanidad, Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gl\u00f2ria","family":"P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sistemes d\u2019Informaci\u00f3 Sanit\u00e0ria, Ag\u00e8ncia de Salut P\u00fablica de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Merc\u00e8","family":"Gotsens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sistemes d\u2019Informaci\u00f3 Sanit\u00e0ria, Ag\u00e8ncia de Salut P\u00fablica de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricard","family":"G\u00e8nova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Direcci\u00f3n General de Salud P\u00fablica, Consejer\u00eda de Sanidad, Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Unai","family":"Mart\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology 2, Universidad de Pa\u00eds Vasco UPV\/EHU, Leioa, Spain"},{"name":"Social Determinants of Health and Demographic Change OPIK, Leoia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Ruiz-Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consejer\u00eda de Salud y Familias de Andalucia, Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the IMCRISES Project Working Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0020731420923532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199904223401603"},{"key":"bibr2-0020731420923532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002199"},{"key":"bibr3-0020731420923532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0708473"},{"key":"bibr4-0020731420923532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2010.05.012"},{"key":"bibr5-0020731420923532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2011.01192.x"},{"key":"bibr6-0020731420923532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.12430"},{"key":"bibr7-0020731420923532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-072X-12-32"},{"key":"bibr8-0020731420923532","volume-title":"Economic Crisis, Health Systems and Health in Europe: Impact and Implications for Policy","author":"Thomson S","year":"2014"},{"key":"bibr9-0020731420923532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaceta.2014.03.007"},{"key":"bibr10-0020731420923532","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-R\u00e1bago Y, Mart\u00edn U, Bacigalupe A.\n                      Crisis y Fecundidad En Espa\u00f1a:\u00bfC\u00f3mo Afectan La Situaci\u00f3n Socioecon\u00f3mica y Las Pol\u00edticas de Apoyo a La Familia?\n                      OPIK-Working Papers\/Lan koadernoak 2; 2017. http:\/\/www.ehu.eus\/documents\/3638427\/5511490\/Crisisy-fecundidad-en-Espana-OPIK.pdf. 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Decline in fertility induced by economic recession in Spain [published online ahead of print October 19, 2019].\n                      Gac Sanit\n                      . doi:10.1016\/j.gaceta.2019.05.011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaceta.2019.05.011"},{"key":"bibr12-0020731420923532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmp059"},{"key":"bibr13-0020731420923532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0080499"},{"key":"bibr14-0020731420923532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2014-307196"},{"key":"bibr15-0020731420923532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2016-000147"},{"key":"bibr16-0020731420923532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03014460.2015.1131847"},{"key":"bibr17-0020731420923532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/cky017"},{"key":"bibr18-0020731420923532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494818801637"},{"key":"bibr19-0020731420923532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-9276-13-52"},{"key":"bibr20-0020731420923532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-013-1425-4"},{"key":"bibr21-0020731420923532","unstructured":"Eurostat. 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