{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T03:29:03Z","timestamp":1783913343749,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,27]],"date-time":"2018-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Cagliari","award":["Current research fund - prof MG Carta"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Current research fund - prof MG Carta"]}]},{"name":"University of Cagliari","award":["Visiting Professor Programme - prof AE Nardi"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Visiting Professor Programme - prof AE Nardi"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Soc Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim is to measure the association between fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), mood and anxiety disorders using reliable psychiatric diagnoses according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) and with a case\u2013control design.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Case\u2013control study with cases (71 consecutive female patients with FMS) and controls (284 subjects without FMS), randomly drawn after a gender- and age-matching technique from the database of an epidemiological survey. Psychiatric diagnoses were conducted according to DSM-IV and carried out by clinical staff using a structured interview (Advanced Neuropsychiatric Tools and Assessment Schedule). QoL was measured by Short Form Health Survey (SF-12).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The lifetime prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD; 43.7% vs 8.1%, p\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001), bipolar disorder (BD; 21.1% vs 0.7%, p\u2009 &lt;\u2009.0001), PTSD (8.4% vs 1.4%, p\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001) and panic disorder (28.2% vs 5.6%, p\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) was higher in people with FMS than in controls. People with FMS showed a poorer QoL than controls on the SF-12 (26.43\u2009\u00b1\u20096.04 vs 37.45\u2009\u00b1\u20095.80, p\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001). Those with comorbidity with MDD and BD showed a mean SF-12 score of 24.75\u2009\u00b1\u20096.31 versus 29.52\u2009\u00b1\u20094.84 ( N\u2009=\u200925) of people with FMS without any mood disorder ( p\u2009=\u2009.002). The attributable burden of FMS in worsening QoL was found comparable to that of serious chronic diseases such as multiple sclerosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>FMS is a disorder that \u2018in itself\u2019 can have a devastating impact on an individual\u2019s life. The frequency of the association with major depressive and bipolar disorders increases the impact on the QoL of people with FMS. One of the causes of this association appears to be the extreme vulnerability to chronic stress that this disorder involves. The findings have important clinical significance: the physician must interpret in the right dimension and with dignity the suffering of the people with FMS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764018795211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,27]],"date-time":"2018-08-27T05:43:56Z","timestamp":1535348636000},"page":"647-655","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["The impact of fibromyalgia syndrome and the role of comorbidity with mood and post-traumatic stress disorder in worsening the quality of life"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Mauro Giovanni","family":"Carta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Francesca","family":"Moro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca Laura","family":"Pinna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgia","family":"Testa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Cacace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Ruggiero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Piras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ferdinando","family":"Romano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Minerba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Panic and Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"},{"name":"Physical Activity Neuroscience, Physical Activity Sciences Postgraduate Program- Salgado de Oliveira University, Niter\u00f3i, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3875-4601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael Christophe","family":"Freire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Panic and Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio Egidio","family":"Nardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Panic and Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio 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