{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T19:23:56Z","timestamp":1777749836191,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1989,3,1]],"date-time":"1989-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":604713600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Soc Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Associations of families of the mentally ill arose in Italy in the early 1980s mainly in the country's northern and central regions. They denounced the inadequacies of an extramural service conceived of as an out-patient clinic filling the void left by the shutting down of asylums. The positions elaborated by these associations focus on four main themes: the distribution of the \"burden of care\" for the ill between ser vices and families; the ill-conceived interpretation of the families' needs owing to the professional's alleged tendency to \"point the finger of guilt\" at the families themselves; the demand for greater power in regard to decisions made by the services; the interac tion with the rights and liberties of the mentally ill. Two different ranges of problems are discussed. First, there is the conflict within the family between the interests and rights of its income-producing and its \"dependent\" members. This conflict points not to a loss but to an overload of functions shifted to the family at a time of rising expectations for the satisfaction of needs. It therefore calls for services of a new kind, i.e. services capable of making these conflicting interests and rights compatible. Second, extramural services either reject or misinterpret the asylum's labour-saving function. These services thus ascribe care for the material life of the mentally ill to the family's own resources alone. Hence the need in the field of mental health to rethink the type of approach to the family, and the necessity\u2014crucial throughout the welfare system\u2014of deep-going organizational and cultural transformations in order to revise the distribution of the time to care among families, public and private institu tions, conventional and voluntary services.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/002076408903500107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,18]],"date-time":"2007-03-18T01:46:51Z","timestamp":1174182411000},"page":"62-70","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["\"A Normality for Us Without Confinement for Them\": Notes On the Associations of Families of the Mentally Ill"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Maria","family":"Grazia Giannichedda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics, Institutions and Society, University of Sassari, Dipartimento di Economia Instituzione et Societa, Universita degli studie di Sassari, Viale R.M. di Savoia 15, 071001 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1989,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","volume-title":"Le iniziative di solidarieta e di volontariate nei moderni sistemi di Welfare","author":"Ascoli, U.","year":"1987"},{"key":"atypb2","volume-title":"Stato di Famiglia. Bisogni, private collettive","author":"Balbo, L.","year":"1976"},{"key":"atypb3","volume-title":"Famiglia e mutamente sociale","author":"Barbagli, M.","year":"1977"},{"key":"atypb4","volume-title":"Problems of Law and Psychiatry: the Italian Experience","author":"Basaglia, F.","year":"1987"},{"key":"atypb5","volume-title":"Family consumerism: coping with the winds of change","author":"Bernheim, K.F.","year":"1987"},{"key":"atypb6","volume-title":"L'Ordre Psychiatrique. L'age d'or de l'alienisme","author":"Castel, R.","year":"1976"},{"key":"atypb7","volume-title":"La Societ\u00e9 psychiatrique avanc\u00e9e. Le mod\u00e8le am\u00e9ricain","author":"Castel, R.","year":"1979"},{"key":"atypb8","volume-title":"Istituzione psichiatrica, sapere scientifico e pensiero medico tra Orro e Novecento","author":"De Peri, F.","year":"1984"},{"key":"atypb9","volume-title":"Burger und Irre. Zur Sozialgheschichte und Wissenschaftsoziologie der Psychiatrie","author":"Dorner, K.","year":"1969"},{"key":"atypb10","volume-title":"L'indagine Censis\/Ministero della sanita sull'attuazione della riforma psichiatrica","author":"Frisanco, R.","year":"1987"},{"key":"atypb11","volume-title":"La liberta e terapeutica ? L'esperienza psichiatrica di","author":"Gallio, G.","year":"1983"},{"key":"atypb12","volume-title":"Famiglia e istituzione psichiatrice: tre scenari a confronto","author":"Giannichedda, M.G.","year":"1983"},{"key":"atypb13","volume-title":"The Trieste Area","author":"Giannichedda, M.G.","year":"1987"},{"key":"atypb14","volume-title":"Sul trattamento sanitario coatte","author":"Giannichedda, M.G.","year":"1988"},{"key":"atypb15","volume-title":"Capitalism and the Welfare State","author":"Gilbert, N.","year":"1983"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guiglia, S. et al. (1982) (ed.) Le cooperative contre l'esclusione. In Fogli di informazione , No. 95, 96, 97.","DOI":"10.3917\/machr1.095.0096"},{"key":"atypb17","volume-title":"Families as Caregivers: a historical perspective","author":"Hartfield, A.B.","year":"1987"},{"key":"atypb18","volume-title":"Time to Care","author":"Lagergren, M.","year":"1984"},{"key":"atypb19","volume-title":"The Hidden Health Care System: Mediating structures and Medicine","author":"Levin, L.S.","year":"1981"},{"key":"atypb20","volume-title":"Deinstitutionalising the Mentally Ill: Processes, Outcomes and Directions","author":"Morrisey, P.J.","year":"1982"},{"key":"atypb21","volume-title":"Salute e malattia. Le parole della medicina","author":"Ongaro Basaglia, F.","year":"1982"},{"key":"atypb22","volume-title":"Reorientating Health Services","author":"Ongaro Basaglia, F.","year":"1986"},{"key":"atypb23","volume-title":"Tutela, diritti, diseguaglianza di bisogni. In Psichiatria, tossicodipendenza, perizia. Ricerche su forme di tutela, diritti e modelli di servizio","author":"Ongaro Basaglia, F.","year":"1987"},{"issue":"2","key":"atypb24","author":"Rotelli, F.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Health Promotion"},{"key":"atypb25","volume-title":"La condizione delle famiglia italiano prima e dopo la legge 180","author":"Rossetti, M.","year":"1987"},{"key":"atypb26","volume-title":"Museum of Madness. The Social Organisation of Insanity in Nineteenth Century England. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation","author":"Scull, A.","year":"1974"},{"key":"atypb27","volume-title":"Community Treatment and the deviant","author":"Scull, A.","year":"1984"},{"key":"atypb28","volume-title":"Emarginazione, dipendenza e politica sociale","author":"Sgritta, G.B.","year":"1987"},{"key":"atypb29","volume-title":"Famiglia Mercato e Stato","author":"Sgritta, G.B.","year":"1988"},{"key":"atypb30","volume-title":"La pratica terapeutica tra modello clinico e riproduzione sociale","author":"Societa' Triveneta Di Psichiatria Democratica","year":"1986"},{"key":"atypb31","volume-title":"Essay on \"The Welfare State","author":"Titmuss, R.","year":"1958"},{"issue":"21","key":"atypb32","author":"Waerness, K.","year":"1978","journal-title":"Acta Sociologica"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Social Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/002076408903500107","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/002076408903500107","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T11:53:26Z","timestamp":1777463606000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/002076408903500107"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1989,3]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/002076408903500107"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/002076408903500107","relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-7640","1741-2854"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-7640","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-2854","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1989,3]]}}}