{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T05:33:54Z","timestamp":1777786434272,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,12]],"date-time":"2011-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1318377600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Asian and African Studies"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study examines India and Turkey as case studies relevant to the Senlis Council\u2019s \u2018poppies for medicine\u2019 proposal. The proposal is that Afghan farmers are licensed to produce opium for medical and scientific purposes. Here it is posited that the Senlis proposal neglects at least three key lessons from the Turkish and Indian experiences. First, not enough weight has been given to diversion from licit markets, as experienced in India. Second, both India and Turkey had significantly more efficient state institutions with authority over the licensed growing areas. Third, the proposal appears to overlook the fact that Turkey\u2019s successful transition was largely due to the use of the poppy straw method of opium production. It is concluded that, while innovative and creative policy proposals such as that of the Senlis proposal are required if Afghanistan is to move beyond its present problems, \u2018poppies for medicine\u2019 does not withstand evidence-based scrutiny.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0021909611417393","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,12]],"date-time":"2011-10-12T21:42:05Z","timestamp":1318455725000},"page":"663-677","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Poppies for Medicine in Afghanistan: Lessons from India and Turkey"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"James","family":"Windle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of East London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0021909611417393","unstructured":"Afzali Z (2008) Senlis Council is senseless for Afghanistan. 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