{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T20:38:08Z","timestamp":1783456688211,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,1]],"date-time":"2000-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":962409600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Dent Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The association of xerostomia and salivary gland hypofunction with HIV infection has been established for men but not for women. We investigated the prevalence of these conditions in a national cohort (n = 733) of HIV-positive and at-risk HIV-negative women. Participants in this prospective cross-sectional study were recruited from the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) at five outpatient USA clinics. Xerostomia was assessed based on \"yes\" responses to a dry-mouth questionnaire. Samples of unstimulated whole and chewing-stimulated whole saliva were collected under standardized conditions. The major salivary glands were also evaluated clinically. The prevalence of dry-mouth complaint, the absence of saliva upon palpation, and zero unstimulated whole saliva (flow rate = 0 mL\/min) were significantly (p = 0.001) higher in HIV-positive women. Adjusted odds of zero unstimulated whole saliva were significantly (p = 0.02) higher in HIV-positive women vs. HIV-negative women (OR = 2.86; 95% CI, 1.23 to 6.63). Significant (p = 0.03) univariate association was found between zero unstimulated whole saliva and CD4 counts. Adjusted odds of zero unstimulated whole saliva were significantly (p = 0.02) higher for HIV-positive women with CD4 &lt; 200 compared with those with CD4 &gt; 500 (OR = 2.61; 95% CI, 1.17 to 5.85). Chewing-stimulated flow rates were not significantly different between seropositive and seronegative women. The prevalence of xerostomia and salivary gland hypofunction appears to be significantly higher in HIV-positive women relative to a comparable group of at-risk seronegative women. Immunosuppression levels measured by CD4 cell counts are significantly associated with xerostomia and salivary gland hypofunction in a population of HIV-positive women.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345000790071201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,8]],"date-time":"2009-01-08T19:39:42Z","timestamp":1231443582000},"page":"1502-1507","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["The Prevalence of Xerostomia and Salivary Gland Hypofunction in a Cohort of HIV-positive and At-risk Women"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Navazesh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, School of Dentistry, Department of Dental Medicine & Public Health, Room 4320, 925 W. 34th Street, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0641,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Mulligan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, School of Dentistry, Department of Dental Medicine & Public Health, Room 4320, 925 W. 34th Street, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0641"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Komaroff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New England Research Institutes, Inc."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Redford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Division of Extramural Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Greenspan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, San Francisco, Department of Stomatology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Pkelan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center at Northport"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1989.tb01344.x"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199803000-00004"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(96)80351-9"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8177(87)54012-0"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1993.tb00110.x"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(05)80278-1"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(97)90239-0"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1992.tb00994.x"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1989.0211"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(85)90258-0"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1991.tb00940.x"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345940730010301"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345820610100901"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345920710060201"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345920710070301"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(05)80384-1"},{"key":"atypb17","first-page":"35","volume":"5","author":"Newrick PG","year":"1991","journal-title":"HNO"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(91)90187-H"},{"key":"atypb19","volume-title":"SAS\/STAT User's guide. Version 6. 4th ed. Vol. 2","author":"SAS Institute Inc.","year":"1990"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1956.9.1.79"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1989.tb00731.x"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10454411940050020101"},{"key":"atypb23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(62)90032-8"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1986.0321"},{"key":"atypb25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sreebny LM, Broich G. (1987). Xerostomia. In: The salivary system . Sreebny LM, editor. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, pp. 179-202.","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1987.00370070145022"},{"key":"atypb26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-2358.1986.tb00055.x"},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(94)90321-2"},{"key":"atypb28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016358909007698"},{"key":"atypb29","first-page":"361","volume":"1","author":"Yeh CK","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"}],"container-title":["Journal of Dental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00220345000790071201","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00220345000790071201","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T21:02:03Z","timestamp":1777496523000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00220345000790071201"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,7]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00220345000790071201"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00220345000790071201","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0345","1544-0591"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0345","type":"print"},{"value":"1544-0591","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,7]]}}}