{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T00:46:15Z","timestamp":1792197975526,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,1]],"date-time":"2012-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1335830400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Dent Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Inflammation has been strongly related to metabolic syndrome (MetS). Periodontal disease is the most common chronic infection in adults. We investigated a cross-sectional (n = 925) and 3-year longitudinal (n = 685) relationship between the daily frequency of toothbrushing and MetS. In the cross-sectional analysis, the prevalence of MetS was 15.7%. After adjustment for potential confounding factors (including all lifestyle factors), the odds ratios (95% confidence interval [CI]) of having MetS in those who brushed 2 times\/day and \u2265 3 times\/day were 0.71 (0.48-1.05) and 0.47 (0.24-0.92), respectively, as compared with ratios in those with a toothbrushing frequency of \u2264 1 time\/day. Increasing toothbrushing frequency tended to relate inversely to hypertriglyceridemia and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. In the longitudinal analysis, 99 participants were newly diagnosed with MetS. The adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) of the MetS in participants who brushed 2 times\/day and \u2265 3 times\/day as compared with participants who brushed \u2264 1 time\/day were 0.80 (0.49-1.31) and 0.43 (0.19-0.97), respectively. The frequency of toothbrushing was related inversely only to hypertriglyceridemia, consistent with the cross-sectional analysis. This study found that more frequent toothbrushing is related to a lower prevalence and incidence of MetS. These results suggest that more frequent toothbrushing may contribute to the prevention of MetS due to the inflammation\/triglyceride pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034512440707","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,1]],"date-time":"2012-03-01T01:47:07Z","timestamp":1330566427000},"page":"479-484","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Oral Health Behavior and Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in Adults"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Y.","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health & Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health & Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health & Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Momma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health & Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health & Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health & Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Nagatomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health & Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0022034512440707","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644"},{"key":"bibr2-0022034512440707","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/32.1.142"},{"key":"bibr3-0022034512440707","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00038-008-7072-7"},{"key":"bibr4-0022034512440707","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/030079905X53333"},{"key":"bibr5-0022034512440707","first-page":"1338","volume":"44","author":"Baranova AV","year":"2008","journal-title":"Genetika"},{"key":"bibr6-0022034512440707","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1978.01770300083009"},{"key":"bibr7-0022034512440707","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000078924.61453.FB"},{"key":"bibr8-0022034512440707","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c2451"},{"key":"bibr9-0022034512440707","first-page":"14","volume":"14","author":"Dean DH","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Prev Dent"},{"key":"bibr10-0022034512440707","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2003.11.006"},{"key":"bibr11-0022034512440707","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.109.155762"},{"key":"bibr12-0022034512440707","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910508401106"},{"key":"bibr13-0022034512440707","first-page":"673","volume":"75","author":"Fukuda K","year":"1973","journal-title":"Seishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi"},{"key":"bibr14-0022034512440707","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.107.151092"},{"key":"bibr15-0022034512440707","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.169404"},{"key":"bibr16-0022034512440707","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2010.1006.1006"},{"key":"bibr17-0022034512440707","unstructured":"Hair JF, Black W, Babin B, Anderson RE, Tatham RL (2005). 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