{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T16:28:43Z","timestamp":1783355323873,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,16]],"date-time":"2012-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1337126400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Dent Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The mechanism underlying jaw osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is not fully understood, particularly in the early stages. To investigate bone and vessel pathogenesis in the early stages of jaw ORN, we generated a mandibular ORN model in miniature pigs (minipigs) by applying a combination of single-dose 25-Gy irradiation (IR) and tooth extraction. We studied 6 ORN model minipigs and 6 control, non-irradiated minipigs. We measured dynamic morphological changes, bone-remodeling-associated gene expression, sphingomyelinase activity, and local blood flow. Bone remodeling, including bone resorption and new bone formation, was observed within 15 days post-IR. Later, an ORN-related imbalance in bone metabolism gradually occurred, with loss of bone regeneration capacity, collagen collapse, and microvascular obliteration. Within 24 hrs post-IR, sphingomyelinase significantly increased in irradiated tissues. At 1 wk post-IR, local blood flow increased, but at 15 days post-IR, it significantly decreased to 50% below normal levels. This study provided details of the sequential occurrences in early-stage ORN in a large animal model. Our results suggested that reduced local blood flow and consequent hypovascularity may have caused an imbalance in bone remodeling. This suggested that microvessel damage may play a key role in the initiation of ORN.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034512448661","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,17]],"date-time":"2012-05-17T13:21:56Z","timestamp":1337260916000},"page":"702-708","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Early-stage Pathogenic Sequence of Jaw Osteoradionecrosis\n                    <i>in vivo<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z.P.","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.M.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.L.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, P. R. China"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100069, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-1226(03)00085-7"},{"key":"bibr2-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2010.06.001"},{"key":"bibr3-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00151.2001"},{"key":"bibr4-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200010000-00015"},{"key":"bibr5-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2009.07.011"},{"key":"bibr6-0022034512448661","first-page":"1124","volume":"126","author":"Gal TJ","year":"2000","journal-title":"in vitro"},{"key":"bibr7-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.20478"},{"key":"bibr8-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e31822e5f66"},{"key":"bibr9-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.13.9645"},{"key":"bibr10-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2009.10.001"},{"key":"bibr11-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2007-0734"},{"key":"bibr12-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.7.4081"},{"key":"bibr13-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-2391(83)90294-X"},{"key":"bibr14-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(87)90136-8"},{"key":"bibr15-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002239900129"},{"key":"bibr16-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1060191"},{"key":"bibr17-0022034512448661","first-page":"321","volume":"60","author":"Pena LA","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"bibr18-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80091-4"},{"key":"bibr19-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2004.12.008"},{"key":"bibr20-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(06)70580-0"},{"key":"bibr21-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2003.09.003"},{"key":"bibr22-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.moo.0000170527.59017.ff"},{"key":"bibr23-0022034512448661","first-page":"774","volume":"22","author":"Verdonck HW","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"bibr24-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2007.01496.x"},{"key":"bibr25-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2006.01337.x"},{"key":"bibr26-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2010.06.017"},{"key":"bibr27-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2010.05.048"},{"key":"bibr28-0022034512448661","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3727\/096368911X637434"},{"key":"bibr29-0022034512448661","first-page":"101","volume":"57","author":"Zendzian-Piotrowska M","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Physiol Pharmacol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Dental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0022034512448661","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0022034512448661","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0022034512448661","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T21:07:55Z","timestamp":1777496875000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0022034512448661"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,16]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0022034512448661"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0022034512448661","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0345","1544-0591"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0345","type":"print"},{"value":"1544-0591","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,16]]}}}