{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T12:41:17Z","timestamp":1777812077931,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,13]],"date-time":"2015-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1423785600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Dent Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    In humans, approximately 90% of saliva is secreted by the 3 major salivary glands: the parotid (PG), the submandibular (SMG), and the sublingual glands (SLG). Even though it is known that all 3 major salivary glands secrete saliva by a Cl\n                    <jats:sup>-<\/jats:sup>\n                    -dependent mechanism, salivary secretion rates differ greatly among these glands. The goal of this study was to gain insight into the properties of the ion-transporting pathways in acinar cells that might account for the differences among the major salivary glands. Pilocarpine-induced saliva was simultaneously collected in vivo from the 3 major salivary glands of mice. When normalized by gland weight, the amount of saliva secreted by the PG was more than 2-fold larger than that obtained from the SMG and SLG. At the cellular level, carbachol induced an increase in the intracellular [Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ] that was more than 2-fold larger in PG and SMG than in SLG acinar cells. Carbachol-stimulated Cl\n                    <jats:sup>-<\/jats:sup>\n                    efflux and the protein levels of the Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    -activated Cl\n                    <jats:sup>-<\/jats:sup>\n                    channel TMEM16A, the major apical Cl\n                    <jats:sup>-<\/jats:sup>\n                    efflux pathway in salivary acinar cells, were significantly greater in PG compared with SMG and SLG. In addition, we evaluated the transporter activity of the Na\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    -K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    -2Cl\n                    <jats:sup>-<\/jats:sup>\n                    cotransporters (NKCC1) and anion exchangers (AE), the 2 primary basolateral Cl\n                    <jats:sup>-<\/jats:sup>\n                    uptake mechanisms in acinar cells. The SMG NKCC1 activity was about twice that of the PG and more than 12-fold greater than that of the SLG. AE activity was similar in PG and SLG, and both PG and SLG AE activity was about 2-fold larger than that of SMG. In summary, the salivation kinetics of the 3 major glands are distinct, and these differences can be explained by the unique functional properties of each gland related to Cl\n                    <jats:sup>-<\/jats:sup>\n                    movement, including the transporter activities of the Cl\n                    <jats:sup>-<\/jats:sup>\n                    uptake and efflux pathways, and intracellular Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    mobilization.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034515570943","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,13]],"date-time":"2015-02-13T22:48:22Z","timestamp":1423867702000},"page":"715-721","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Functional Differences in the Acinar Cells of the Murine Major Salivary Glands"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Y.","family":"Kondo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Secretory Mechanisms and Dysfunction Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"},{"name":"Department of Oral Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Nakamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Jaramillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Secretory Mechanisms and Dysfunction Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Secretory Mechanisms and Dysfunction Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.A.","family":"Catalan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Secretory Mechanisms and Dysfunction Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.E.","family":"Melvin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Secretory Mechanisms and Dysfunction Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0022034515570943","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceca.2014.02.009"},{"key":"bibr2-0022034515570943","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1163518"},{"key":"bibr3-0022034515570943","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(73)90156-8"},{"key":"bibr4-0022034515570943","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4807284"},{"key":"bibr5-0022034515570943","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)61435-3"},{"key":"bibr6-0022034515570943","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.38.26946"},{"key":"bibr7-0022034515570943","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2009-0226OC"},{"key":"bibr8-0022034515570943","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ph.51.030189.002303"},{"key":"bibr9-0022034515570943","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1994.267.4.C869"},{"key":"bibr10-0022034515570943","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345870660S106"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr11-0022034515570943","first-page":"G393","volume":"262","author":"Melvin 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