{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:02:44Z","timestamp":1787018564306,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,20]],"date-time":"2016-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468972800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Dent Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Previous studies have demonstrated that botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) attenuates orofacial nociception. However, there has been no evidence of the participation of the voltage-gated sodium channels (Navs) in the antinociceptive mechanisms of BoNT-A. This study investigated the cellular mechanisms underlying the antinociceptive effects of BoNT-A in a male Sprague-Dawley rat model of trigeminal neuropathic pain produced by malpositioned dental implants. The left mandibular second molar was extracted under anesthesia, followed by a miniature dental implant placement to induce injury to the inferior alveolar nerve. Mechanical allodynia was monitored after subcutaneous injection of BoNT-A at 3, 7, or 12 d after malpositioned dental implant surgery. Subcutaneous injections of 1 or 3 U\/kg of BoNT-A on postoperative day 3 significantly attenuated mechanical allodynia, although 0.3 U\/kg of BoNT-A did not affect the air-puff threshold. A single injection of 3 U\/kg of BoNT-A produced prolonged antiallodynic effects over the entire experimental period. Treatment with BoNT-A on postoperative days 7 and 12, when pain had already been established, also produced prolonged antiallodynic effects. Double treatments with 1 U\/kg of BoNT-A produced prolonged, more antiallodynic effects as compared with single treatments. Subcutaneous administration of 3 U\/kg of BoNT-A significantly inhibited the upregulation of Nav isoform 1.7 (Nav1.7) expression in the trigeminal ganglion in the nerve-injured animals. These results suggest that antinociceptive effects of BoNT-A are mediated by an inhibition of upregulated Nav1.7 expression in the trigeminal ganglion. BoNT-A is therefore a potential new therapeutic agent for chronic pain control, including neuropathic pain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034516659278","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,14]],"date-time":"2016-07-14T23:24:40Z","timestamp":1468538680000},"page":"1183-1190","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Antinociceptive Effects of Botulinum Toxin Type A on Trigeminal Neuropathic Pain"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"K.Y.","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.J.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.S.","family":"Ju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.K.","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.G.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Division, Hugel, Inc., Chuncheon, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.T.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.C.","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.K.","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2009.07.012"},{"key":"bibr2-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-004-0265-1"},{"key":"bibr3-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01585-6"},{"key":"bibr4-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/jpai.2002.27142"},{"key":"bibr5-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.57.4.4"},{"key":"bibr6-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2003.10.008"},{"key":"bibr7-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002508-200112000-00004"},{"key":"bibr8-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dib-Hajj SD, Black JA, Waxman SG. 2009. Voltage-gated sodium channels: therapeutic targets for pain. Pain Med. 10(7):1260\u20131269.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2009.00719.x"},{"key":"bibr9-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2002.026559"},{"key":"bibr10-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2009.06.047"},{"key":"bibr11-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2006.04.014"},{"key":"bibr12-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(01)00292-5"},{"key":"bibr13-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034510374056"},{"key":"bibr14-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200311000-00027"},{"key":"bibr15-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2014.05.012"},{"key":"bibr16-0022034516659278","volume-title":"Basic and clinical workshop presented at: Fifth International Congress on Neuropathic Pain","author":"Iwata K","year":"2015"},{"key":"bibr17-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2001.86.6.2868"},{"key":"bibr18-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4637.2003.03013.x"},{"key":"bibr19-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.03.002"},{"key":"bibr20-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.01.066"},{"key":"bibr21-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2842.2011.02236.x"},{"issue":"20","key":"bibr22-0022034516659278","first-page":"1540","volume":"7","author":"Liu C","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"bibr23-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2006.00100.x"},{"key":"bibr24-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2006.12.004"},{"key":"bibr25-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.01.117"},{"key":"bibr26-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1998.647bp.x"},{"key":"bibr27-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)36614-1"},{"key":"bibr28-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5490-08.2009"},{"key":"bibr29-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.012211"},{"key":"bibr30-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03022619"},{"key":"bibr31-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(00)00260-4"},{"key":"bibr32-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21427"},{"key":"bibr33-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1254\/jphs.11060FP"},{"key":"bibr34-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2007.09.001"},{"key":"bibr35-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2007.00854.x"},{"key":"bibr36-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wnf.0000172497.24770.b0"},{"key":"bibr37-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2012.11.052"},{"key":"bibr38-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/444831a"},{"key":"bibr39-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2013.10.013"},{"key":"bibr40-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/hum.2005.16.271"},{"key":"bibr41-0022034516659278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2010.00801.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Dental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0022034516659278","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0022034516659278","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0022034516659278","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T21:06:38Z","timestamp":1777496798000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0022034516659278"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,20]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0022034516659278"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0022034516659278","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.726765730.793537434","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0022-0345","1544-0591"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0345","type":"print"},{"value":"1544-0591","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,20]]}}}