{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T06:48:29Z","timestamp":1793774909327,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638230400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012542","name":"sichuan province science and technology support program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020YFS0173"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFS0173"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012542","name":"sichuan province science and technology support program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFS0246"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFS0246"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81970967"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81970967"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81771114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81771114"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Dent Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Mechanical force\u2013induced external root resorption is a major clinical side effect of orthodontic treatment. Recent work has revealed that M1 macrophages play a vital role in promoting orthodontic root resorption (ORR), but the mechanism of how mechanical force stimulation increases the M1\/M2 macrophage ratio in periodontal tissue is poorly understood. In the current study, we showed that C-X-C motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12)\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4)\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    monocytes in the periodontal ligament (PDL) were significantly increased after force application with ongoing root resorption, and these effects were partially rescued after force removal in mice. The expression of CXCL12 in PDLCs was increased by force stimulation in a time- and intensity-dependent manner in vitro. Blockage of the CXCL12\/CXCR4 axis using CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 was sufficient to alleviate ORR and reverse the force-enhanced M1\/M2 macrophage ratio. Further mechanism exploration showed that Ly6C\n                    <jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>\n                    inflammatory monocytes homed in a CXCL12\/CXCR4 axis-dependent manner. The number and proportion of CD11b\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    Ly6C\n                    <jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>\n                    inflammatory monocytes in cervical lymph nodes were significantly increased by force loading, accompanied by decreased CD11b\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    Ly6C\n                    <jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>\n                    monocytes in the blood. These changes were blunted by intraperitoneal injection of AMD3100. In addition, blockage of the CXCL12\/CXCR4 axis effectively reversed M2 suppression and promoted M1 polarization. Collectively, results indicate that force-induced CXCL12\/CXCR4 axis mediates ORR by increasing the M1\/M2 ratio in periodontal tissues through attracting Ly6C\n                    <jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>\n                    inflammatory monocytes and modulating macrophage polarization. The results also imply that AMD3100 is potentially inhibitory to root resorption.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345211050324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T23:29:34Z","timestamp":1638314974000},"page":"569-579","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["CXCL12\/CXCR4 Mediates Orthodontic Root Resorption via Regulating the M1\/M2 Ratio"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"X.Y.","family":"Fang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"},{"name":"Lab for Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.X.","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"},{"name":"College &amp; Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"X.M.","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"},{"name":"Lab for Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.N.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.T.","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.M.","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lab for Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"},{"name":"Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmt.2019.100454"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.11.064"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1075"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13490"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17060943"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00585"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2008.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(03)00174-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2017.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034514553817"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3896"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034516677539"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5483\/BMBRep.2014.47.8.159"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms7931"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Italiani P Boraschi D. 2014. 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