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Butyrate is a critical by-product of microbes with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we found that butyrate inhibited the activation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)\u2013induced DCs and generation of inflammatory cytokines by DCs. Moreover, butyrate regulated glycolysis in LPS-induced DCs via the G-protein-coupled receptor\/hypoxia-inducible factor\u20131\u03b1 pathway. In addition, butyrate inhibited the maturation of CD11c\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    MHC-II\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    DCs in vivo, suppressing local inflammatory infiltration and ultimately alleviating bone resorption in a periodontitis model. Our results imply that butyrate suppresses the activation of LPS-induced DCs by modulating their metabolism, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for inflammatory diseases.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345231187824","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,30]],"date-time":"2023-09-30T00:16:05Z","timestamp":1696032965000},"page":"1326-1336","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Butyrate Inhibits Dendritic Cell Activation and Alleviates Periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"L.","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. 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