{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T08:44:17Z","timestamp":1781685857620,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,3,1]],"date-time":"1998-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":888710400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Dent Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Calcium phosphate concentrations in plaque, plaque fluid, and saliva play an important role in caries prevention. In this study, we used a microanalytical technique to examine the anticaries potential of a 2.5% (mass fraction) a-tricalcium-phosphate-fortified experimental gum by measuring the pH, free and total calcium, and total phosphate in plaque fluid, whole plaque, and saliva, and centrifuged saliva from 14 subjects who (1) accumulated plaque for 48 hours, (2) fasted overnight, (3) rinsed for 1 min with sucrose, and (4) chewed a control or experimental gum for 15 min. From these data, the hydroxyapatite (HAp) ion activity products (IAP\n                    <jats:sub>HAp<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) of saliva and plaque fluid were calculated as a measure of tooth mineral saturation. Results, compared with those of the control gum, show significant increases in pH and in free calcium and phosphate concentrations in plaque fluid and saliva when the experimental gum was chewed following sucrose ingestion. These increases result in a rise in fluid saturation with respect to tooth mineral that, for plaque fluid, nearly cancels the decrease seen with the control gum after the sucrose rinse. This suggests that the experimental gum may be more effective than a conventional gum in ameliorating the cariogenic effects of sucrose. Similar statistically significant increases were also seen in the total calcium content of the plaque fluid, centrifuged saliva, whole saliva, and whole plaque, and in the total phosphate of whole plaque and whole saliva. These results suggest that the deposition of a mineral reservoir in plaque and saliva by the experimental gum may help resist future cariogenic challenges.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345980770031101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,8]],"date-time":"2009-01-08T19:39:42Z","timestamp":1231443582000},"page":"518-524","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Composition of Plaque and Saliva Following a Sucrose Challenge and Use of an a-tricalcium-phosphate-containing Chewing Gum"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"G.L.","family":"Vogel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"American Dental Association Health Foundation, Paffenbarger Research Center, Room A 153, Bldg. 224, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"American Dental Association Health Foundation, Paffenbarger Research Center, Room A 153, Bldg. 224, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.M.","family":"Carey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"American Dental Association Health Foundation, Paffenbarger Research Center, Room A 153, Bldg. 224, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Ly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"American Dental Association Health Foundation, Paffenbarger Research Center, Room A 153, Bldg. 224, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.C.","family":"Chow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"American Dental Association Health Foundation, Paffenbarger Research Center, Room A 153, Bldg. 224, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.M.","family":"Proskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard M. Proskin and Associates, 35 Sleepy Hollow Lane, Rochester, New York 14618"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345750540050201"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000260288"},{"key":"atypb3","first-page":"143","volume":"75","author":"Beiswanger BB","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345740530020701"},{"key":"atypb5","unstructured":"Carey CM, Gregory TM, Rupp NW, Tatevossian A., Vogel GL (1986). The driving forces in human dental plaque fluid for demineralisation and remineralisation of enamel mineral. In: Factors relating to demineralisation and remineralisation of the teeth. Leach SA, editor. Oxford: IRL Press Ltd., pp. 163-173."},{"key":"atypb6","first-page":"339","volume":"73","author":"Carey CM","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345920710030401"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345940730010401"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000408725"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(62)90004-3"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000261439"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8177(67)44023-9"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345690480061601"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000260689"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6028\/jres.096.035"},{"key":"atypb16","first-page":"6","volume":"1","author":"Jensen ME","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Clin Dent"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4806971"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(80)90025-X"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000260694"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345890680060201"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345950740101401"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4808141"},{"key":"atypb23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345920710110301"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345880670120601"},{"key":"atypb25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000261582"},{"key":"atypb26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(91)90146-L"},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345820610100901"},{"key":"atypb28","unstructured":"Nikiforuk G. (1985). Understanding dental caries. Vol. 1. Etiology and mechanisms, basic and clinical aspects. Basel: Karger, pp. 241-247."},{"key":"atypb29","first-page":"185","volume":"3","author":"Park KK","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Dent"},{"key":"atypb30","first-page":"286","volume":"2","author":"Pickel FD","year":"1965","journal-title":"AL J Med Sci"},{"key":"atypb31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345850640110401"},{"key":"atypb32","first-page":"213","volume":"38","author":"Richardson AS","year":"1972","journal-title":"J Can Dent Assoc"},{"key":"atypb33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345930720011201"},{"key":"atypb34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000261299"},{"key":"atypb35","unstructured":"Suddick RP, Hyde RJ, Feller RP (1980). Salivary water and electrolytes and oral health . In: The biologic basis of dental caries. Menaker L, editor. 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