{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T20:11:59Z","timestamp":1792008719963,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,1]],"date-time":"2009-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1251763200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Health Soc Behav"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This article develops a series of hypotheses about the long-term effects of one's history of marriage, divorce, and widowhood on health, and it tests those hypotheses using data from the Health and Retirement Study. We examine four dimensions of health at mid-life: chronic conditions, mobility limitations, self-rated health, and depressive symptoms. We find that the experience of marital disruption damages health, with the effects still evident years later; among the currently married, those who have ever been divorced show worse health on all dimensions. Both the divorced and widowed who do not remarry show worse health than the currently married on all dimensions. Dimensions of health that seem to develop slowly, such as chronic conditions and mobility limitations, show strong effects of past marital disruption, whereas others, such as depressive symptoms, seem more sensitive to current marital status. Those who spent more years divorced or widowed show more chronic conditions and mobility limitations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/002214650905000307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,5]],"date-time":"2010-01-05T17:59:50Z","timestamp":1262714390000},"page":"344-358","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":407,"title":["Marital Biography and Health at Mid-Life"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Mary Elizabeth","family":"Hughes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mary Elizabeth Hughes is a social demographer whose principal research focus is the influence of individuals' social environments on their physical health. Much of her work focuses on the impact of family structure and relationships on health over the life course."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda J.","family":"Waite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Linda Waite is Lucy Flower Professor of Sociology and Director of the Center on Aging at the University of Chicago. She is Principal Investigator of The National Social Life, Health and Aging Study (NSHAP). She is co-author, with Frances Goldscheider, of New Families, No Families?: The Transformation of the American Home (University of California Press, 1991), winner of the Duncan Award from the American Sociological Association. She is also author, with Maggie Gallagher, of The Case for Marriage: Why..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-002214650905000307","volume-title":"Smoking, Drinking, and Drug Use in Young Adulthood.","author":"Bachman Jerald G.","year":"1997"},{"key":"bibr2-002214650905000307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2676297"},{"key":"bibr3-002214650905000307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/55.2.P107"},{"key":"bibr4-002214650905000307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-2445.2004.00038.x"},{"key":"bibr5-002214650905000307","volume-title":"Understanding Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health in Late Life: A Research Agenda.","author":"Bulatao R. 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