{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T07:04:15Z","timestamp":1791356655377,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]],"date-time":"2019-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557360000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Health Soc Behav"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The tendency for blacks to report similar or better mental health than whites has served as an enduring paradox in the mental health literature for the past three decades. However, a debate persists about the mechanisms that underlie this paradox. Drawing on the stress process framework, we consider the counterbalancing roles of self-esteem and traumatic stress exposure in understanding the \u201cblack-white paradox\u201d among U.S. adolescents. Using nationally representative data, we observe that blacks have higher levels of self-esteem than whites but also encounter higher levels of traumatic stress exposure. Adjusting for self-esteem reveals a net higher rate of mood disorders and distress among blacks relative to whites, and differences in traumatic stress exposure mediate this association. In the full model, we show that self-esteem and stress exposure offset each other, resulting in a null association between race and mood disorders and a reduced association between race and distress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0022146519845069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,10]],"date-time":"2019-05-10T02:57:53Z","timestamp":1557457073000},"page":"169-187","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["The Black-White Paradox Revisited: Understanding the Role of Counterbalancing Mechanisms during Adolescence"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Patricia","family":"Louie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blair","family":"Wheaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, 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