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Spanish has a transparent orthography and thus children with RD should not show severe difficulties in the use of the phonological route, as in the English language. A sample of 118 participants was selected and organized into three different groups: 40 with RD, 38 normal readers matched in age with the former, and 40 younger normal readers at the same reading level as those with RD. Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of lexicality, word frequency, word length, and positional frequency of syllables on lexical decision making and word-naming performance. While the participants were performing the naming task, we recorded what they read to subsequently analyze the form as well as the frequency of naming errors. The present study provides evidence for a deficit in phonological processing in a transparent orthography, particularly in nonword reading, because there were differences between the reading-level-matched groups.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/002221940003300108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,14]],"date-time":"2007-12-14T00:52:20Z","timestamp":1197593540000},"page":"44-60","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":92,"title":["Word Identification and Reading Disorders in the Spanish Language"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Juan E.","family":"Jim\u00e9nez Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Psicologia, Universidad de La Laguna, Campus de Guajara, La Laguna, 38205 SIC de Tenerife (Islas Canarias), Espana,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez Valle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","first-page":"285","volume":"11","author":"Allington, R.L.","year":"1977","journal-title":"Visible Language"},{"key":"atypb2","first-page":"75","volume":"4","author":"Alvarez, C.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cognitiva"},{"key":"atypb3","first-page":"299","volume":"42","author":"Artola, G.T.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Re-vista de Psicolog\u00eda General y Aplicada"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-0965(84)90022-5"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.10.3.340"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-7393.17.4.644"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/747418"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221949202500307"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1973.tb05180.x"},{"key":"atypb10","volume-title":"The Boder test of reading and spelling patterns: A diagnostic screening test for subtypes of reading disabilities","author":"Boder, E.","year":"1982"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1131249"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/271746a0"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/747904"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.28.5.874"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.100.1.101"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0142716400008870"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0142716400008389"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmla.1993.1038"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(93)90003-E"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-0965(84)90064-X"},{"key":"atypb21","unstructured":"Coltheart, M. 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