{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T11:03:19Z","timestamp":1777892599708,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,1]],"date-time":"2001-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":988675200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Learn Disabil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose of this study was to validate Bakker's (1990, 1992) clinical neuropsychological balance model of dyslexia when implementec in a traditional general education classroom environment. The sample included 45 middle school, right-handed boys and girls (mean age = 12.78) with L-type dyslexia (excessively fast readers who make substantive reading errors), P-type dyslexia (displaying accurate but slow and laborious reading), and M-type dyslexia (readers who commit a combination of L-type and P-type dyslexia errors). The ex perimental groups (L and P type dyslexia) were presented with hemisphere specific stimulation (HSS) and hemispheric alluding stimul (HAS). HSS involves the presentation of words into the right visual field (RVF) or the left visual field (LVF) or through tactile exercises with the right or left hand. HAS is achieved by constructing semantically and phonetically challenging letters and words. The childrer with M-type dyslexia served as a control group and received traditional decoding and comprehension exercises. The readers were exposed to a specific treatment model for 16 weeks, depending on their reading accuracy and comprehension. Statistical analyses indi cated that, although there were no significant changes in word recognition for the dyslexia subtypes, the readers with L-type, P-type and M-type dyslexia exhibited significant improvement in reading accuracy and comprehension as assessed by results from pretest to posttest. These results suggest that Bakker's clinical neuropsychological intervention can be effectively applied to the general education setting as well.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/002221940103400307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,14]],"date-time":"2007-12-14T00:52:20Z","timestamp":1197593540000},"page":"276-285","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Neuropsychological Treatment of Dyslexia in the Classroom Setting"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Bram H.","family":"Goldstein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital of Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John E.","family":"Obrzut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arizona"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","volume-title":"Neuropsychological treatment of dyslexia","author":"Bakker, D.J.","year":"1990"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221949202500203"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221949002300707"},{"key":"atypb4","unstructured":"Bakker, D.J. & Licht, R. (1989). Learning to read: Changing horses in midstream . In G. Th. Pavlidis & D. F. Fisher (Eds.), Dyslexia: Neuropsychology and treatment (pp. 87-95). London: Wiley."},{"key":"atypb5","volume-title":"HEM-STIM user manual","author":"Bakker, D.J.","year":"1993"},{"key":"atypb6","first-page":"313","volume":"20","author":"Betts, E.A.","year":"1943","journal-title":"Elementary Reading Review"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1973.tb05180.x","volume":"25","author":"Boder, E.","year":"1973","journal-title":"Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology"},{"key":"atypb8","first-page":"463","volume":"3","author":"Carmon, A.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Language"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/2.2.163"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221949903200207"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fletcher, J.M., Foorman, B.R., Francis, D.J., Shaywitz, B.A. & Shaywitz, S.E. (1994). Treatment of dyslexia . In K. P. Van den Bos & L. S. 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