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Analyses compared the serial memory, verbal learning, and abstract visual-spatial memory performance of 45 children with RD to that of chronological-age (CA)- and reading-level (RL)-matched controls, using subtype identification methods from each of the theoretical models to classify children with RD. Phonological deficit and dual route comparisons indicated that children with RD, regardless of subtype, performed more poorly than CA- and better than RL-matched participants on all memory tasks. Phonological-core variable-difference methodology yielded three RD subtypes, two of which exhibited distinctive memory deficits relative to both CA and RL control groups. The phonological-core variable-difference model accounted for more variance in memory performance than either of the other two models.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/002221940303600303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,14]],"date-time":"2007-12-14T00:52:20Z","timestamp":1197593540000},"page":"230-246","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Memory Performance of Children with Dyslexia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Nancy-Louise","family":"Howes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Utah State Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erin D.","family":"Bigler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham Young University and chair of the Psychology Department, University of Utah"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gary M.","family":"Burlingame","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham Young University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John S.","family":"Lawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham Young University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15326942DN1703_4"},{"key":"atypb2","first-page":"98","volume":"6","author":"Anderson, K.C.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Neurology and Neurosurgery"},{"key":"atypb3","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association.","year":"1994","edition":"4"},{"key":"atypb4","volume-title":"Working memory","author":"Baddeley, A.D.","year":"1986"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221949602900113"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00309829"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(93)90003-E"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01342751"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/382066a0"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.88.4.639"},{"key":"atypb11","volume-title":"Measurement theory for the behavioral sciences","author":"Ghiselli, E.E.","year":"1981"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/123.12.2373"},{"key":"atypb13","volume-title":"Statistical methods for psychology","author":"Howell, D.C.","year":"1992","edition":"3"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/14.3.317"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00309828"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410280602"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80911-3"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/15.1.83"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/11.2.148"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0911-6044(95)00008-9"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(95)00679-6"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221949602900304"},{"key":"atypb23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.90.3.347"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1511341"},{"key":"atypb25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9817.00100"},{"key":"atypb26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.4.723"},{"key":"atypb27","unstructured":"Procedures for Evaluating Specific Learning Disabilities, 42 Fed. 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