{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T12:44:21Z","timestamp":1791204261639,"version":"4.2.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,1]],"date-time":"2013-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1362096000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Learn Disabil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This article describes psychometric testing of an Icelandic adaptation of the Adult Reading History Questionnaire (ARHQ), designed to detect a history of reading difficulties indicative of dyslexia. Tested in a large and diverse sample of 2,187 adults, the Icelandic adaptation demonstrated internal consistency reliability (Cronbach\u2019s alpha = .92) and test\u2013retest reliability ( r = .93). Validity was established by comparing scores of adults who as children received ICD-10 diagnoses of specific reading disorder (F81.0; n = 419) to those of adults defined as nondyslexics ( n = 679). ROC curve analysis resulted in an area under the curve of .92 (95% CI = .90, .93, p &lt; .001) and a cutoff score of .43 with sensitivity of 84.5% and specificity of 83.7%. An exploratory factor analysis ( n = 2,187) suggested three subscales, Dyslexia Symptoms, Current Reading, and Memory, the mean scores of which differed significantly among diagnosed dyslexics, relatives of dyslexics, and population controls. Our results support the applicability of the ARHQ in Icelandic as a self-report screening tool for adult dyslexia in Iceland.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0022219413478662","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,2]],"date-time":"2013-03-02T07:17:20Z","timestamp":1362208640000},"page":"532-542","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["The Adult Reading History Questionnaire (ARHQ) in Icelandic"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Gyda","family":"Bjornsdottir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland"},{"name":"University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonas G.","family":"Halldorsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacy","family":"Steinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingunn","family":"Hansdottir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristleifur","family":"Kristjansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hreinn","family":"Stefansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kari","family":"Stefansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0022219413478662","unstructured":"Alves R. A., Castro S. L. (2005). Despistagem da dislexia em adultos atrav\u00e9s do Question\u00e1rio Hist\u00f3ria de Leitura [Adult dyslexia screening using a Portuguese self-report measure]. Paper presented at the IberPsicologia Congress, Lisbon, Portugal. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.fpce.up.pt\/labfala\/ra&slcDespistagem05.pdf"},{"key":"bibr2-0022219413478662","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994","edition":"4"},{"key":"bibr3-0022219413478662","volume-title":"Greindarprof Wechslers fyrir fullordna","author":"Bjornsson K.","year":"1961"},{"key":"bibr4-0022219413478662","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13854049308401883"},{"key":"bibr5-0022219413478662","unstructured":"Costello A. B., Osborne J. W. (2005). Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: Four recommendations for getting the most from your analysis. Practical Assessment Research & Evaluation, 10(7). 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